喹啉类化合物
喹啉和异喹啉是苯并吡啶的两个异构体，均存在于煤焦油中。它们及其许多取代衍生物可通过将苯衍生物环化成环而制得。其中，喹啉的合成方法主要是通过加热苯胺、甘油与硫酸及氧化剂（如硝基苯）反应，进而生成丙烯醛并与苯胺发生加成反应。利用各种苯胺衍生物和其他α,β-不饱和羰基化合物，则可以合成具有不同取代基的喹啉化合物，例如4-甲基喹啉(勒皮啶)便是由苯胺和甲基-乙烯基酮制得。
其他喹啉类化合物如2-甲基喹啉（喹哪啶）则通过邻氨基苯甲醛与丙酮缩合而合成。总的来说，喹啉及其同系物属于含氮杂双环芳烃类化合物，俗称重吡啶，并与吡啶一起统称为焦油碱，是高温煤焦油加工的产物。主要成分包括喹啉、异喹啉、甲基喹啉和二甲基喹啉等，集中在煤焦油的萘油馏分和洗油馏分中，含量约为0.3～0.5%。
这些化合物具有特殊的气味，并在暴露于空气或阳光下时逐渐变深。它们广泛应用于医药、染料、感光材料、橡胶、溶剂及化学试剂等领域。喹啉主要用于制造烟酸系、8-羟基喹啉系和奎宁系药物，如烟酸胺、强心剂、兴奋剂和治绦虫病药；8-羟基喹啉则用于制备治疗阿米巴虫病的药品、创伤消毒剂及防霉剂等。此外，伯氨奎宁、氯化奎宁和羟氨奎宁是合成的治疟疾特效药物。
异喹啉主要用于生产杀虫剂、抗疟药、橡胶硫化促进剂及测定稀有金属所需的化学试剂；甲基喹啉则用于制造彩色胶片增感剂和染料，并作为溶剂、浸渍剂和腐蚀抑制剂等。总体而言，这些化合物的应用范围广泛且重要。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4-羟基-6-碘喹啉-3-羧酸 | 6-iodo-4-oxo-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid | 302949-02-6 | C10H6INO3 |
|
| 4-羟基-6-碘喹啉-3-甲腈 | 6-iodo-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carbonitrile | 872576-92-6 | C10H5IN2O |
|
| 4-羟基-6-甲氧基喹啉-3-羧酸乙酯 | ethyl 4-hydroxy-6-methoxyquinoline-3-carboxylate | 77156-78-6 | C13H13NO4 |
|
| 4-羟基-6-甲氧基喹啉-3-甲酸 | 4-hydroxy-6-methoxyquinoline-3-carboxylic acid | 28027-16-9 | C11H9NO4 |
|
| 4-羟基-6-甲氧基喹啉 | 4-hydroxy-6-methoxyquinoline | 23432-39-5 | C10H9NO2 |
|
| 4-羟基-6-甲基喹啉 | 6-methylquinolin-4-ol | 23432-40-8 | C10H9NO |
|
| 4-羟基-6-甲基喹唑啉 | 6-methyl-3H-quinazolin-4-one | 19181-53-4 | C9H8N2O |
|
| 4-羟基-6-甲基-2-喹啉酮 | 4-hydroxy-6-methylquinolin-2(1H)-one | 1677-44-7 | C10H9NO2 |
|
| 4-羟基-6-氰基喹啉 | 4-hydroxyquinoline-6-carbonitrile | 219763-82-3 | C10H6N2O |
|
| 4-羟基-6-氯喹唑啉 | 6-chloroquinazolin-4-one | 16064-14-5 | C8H5ClN2O |
|
| 4-羟基-6-喹啉羰酰氯 | 4-Hydroxy-6-quinolinecarbonyl chloride | 717871-71-1 | C10H6ClNO2 |
|
| 4-羟基-6-喹啉羧酸乙酯 | ethyl 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-6-carboxylate | 148018-33-1 | C12H11NO3 |
|
| 4-羟基-6-乙氧基喹啉 | 6-ethoxy-4-quinolone | 303121-11-1 | C11H11NO2 |
|
| 4-羟基-6,7-二甲氧基喹啉 | 6,7-dimethoxyquinoline-4-ol | 13425-93-9 | C11H11NO3 |
|
| 4-羟基-6,7-二氯喹啉 | 6,7-Dichloro-quinolin-4-ol | 203626-51-1 | C9H5Cl2NO |
|
| 4-羟基-6,7-二氟喹啉 | 6,7-difluoro-1,4-dihydroquinolin-4-one | 727683-58-1 | C9H5F2NO |
|
| 4-羟基-5-甲氧基喹啉 | 5-methoxy-1H-quinolin-4-one | 643069-43-6 | C10H9NO2 |
|
| 4-羟基-5-甲基喹啉 | 5-methyl-quinolin-4-ol | 848128-81-4 | C10H9NO |
|
| 4-羟基-5-溴喹啉 | 5-bromoquinolin-4-ol | 723283-89-4 | C9H6BrNO |
|
| 4-羟基-5-氯喹啉 | 5-chloro-4-hydroxyquinoline | 23443-05-2 | C9H6ClNO |
|
| 4-羟基-3-硝基-2(1H)-喹啉酮 | 3-nitroquinoline-2,4-diol | 15151-57-2 | C9H6N2O4 |
|
| 4-羟基-2-甲基吲哚 | 4-hydroxy-2-methyl-1H-indole | 35320-67-3 | C9H9NO |
|
| 4-羟基-2-乙基喹啉羧酸酯 | ethyl 4-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylate | 24782-43-2 | C12H11NO3 |
|
| 4-羟基-2-丙基喹啉 | 2-propyl-quinolin-4-ol | 83842-64-2 | C12H13NO |
|
| 4-羟基-2,6,8-三甲基喹啉 | 2,6,8-Trimethyl-4-hydroxy-chinolin | 15644-93-6 | C12H13NO |
|
| 4-羟基-1,2,5,6,7,8-六氢喹啉-2-酮 | 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-2(1H)-quinolinone | 56517-59-0 | C9H11NO2 |
|
| 4-碘代喹啉 | 4-iodoquinoline | 16560-43-3 | C9H6IN |
|
| 4-碘-6-甲氧基喹啉 | 4-iodo-6-methoxyquinoline | 876492-00-1 | C10H8INO |
|
| 4-硝基喹啉-N-氧化物 | 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide | 56-57-5 | C9H6N2O3 |
|
| 4-疏基喹啉 | 4-mercaptoquinoline | 51812-96-5 | C9H7NS |
|
| 4-甲氧基喹啉 | 4-methoxyquinoline | 607-31-8 | C10H9NO |
|
| 4-甲氧基-8-氨基喹啉 | 4-methoxyquinoline-8-amine | 59665-93-9 | C10H10N2O |
|
| 4-甲氧基-6-甲基喹啉 | 4-methoxy-6-methyl-quinoline | 99842-59-8 | C11H11NO |
|
| 4-甲氧基-6-氯喹啉 | 6-chloro-4-methoxyquinoline | 676262-10-5 | C10H8ClNO |
|
| 4-甲氧基-2-羧酸喹啉 | 4-methoxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid | 15733-83-2 | C11H9NO3 |
|
| 4-甲氧基-2-甲基喹啉 | 4-methoxy-2-methyl-quinoline | 31835-53-7 | C11H11NO |
|
| 4-甲氧基-1H-喹啉-2-酮 | 4-Methoxy-carbostyril | 27667-34-1 | C10H9NO2 |
|
| 4-甲基喹啉-2-羧酸 | 4-methyl-quinoline-2-carboxylic acid | 40609-76-5 | C11H9NO2 |
|
| 4-甲基喹啉-2-硫酮 | 2-mercapto-4-methylquinoline | 4437-65-4 | C10H9NS |
|
| 4-甲基喹啉-2-甲醛 | 4-methylquinoline-2-carbaldehyde | 40105-30-4 | C11H9NO |
|
| 4-甲基喹啉 | 4-methylquinoline | 491-35-0 | C10H9N |
|
| 4-甲基-喹啉-6-甲腈 | 4-methylquinoline-6-carbonitrile | 924962-08-3 | C11H8N2 |
|
| 4-甲基-8-硝基喹啉 | 4-methyl-8-nitroquinoline | 2801-29-8 | C10H8N2O2 |
|
| 4-甲基-8-氨基喹啉 | 4-methyl-8-aminoquinoline | 62748-01-0 | C10H10N2 |
|
| 4-甲基-7-溴喹啉 | 7-bromo-4-methylquinoline | 141052-31-5 | C10H8BrN |
|
| 4-甲基-5-硝基异喹啉 | 4-methyl-5-nitroisoquinoline | 194032-17-2 | C10H8N2O2 |
|
| 4-甲基-3-羟基喹啉 | 3-hydroxy-4-methylquinoline | 6220-93-5 | C10H9NO |
|
| 4-甲基-2-氯-喹啉 | 2-chloro-4-methylquinoline | 634-47-9 | C10H8ClN |
|
| 4-甲基-2-氨基喹啉-3-腈 | 2-amino-4-methylquinoline-3-carbonitrile | 28448-11-5 | C11H9N3 |
|
| 4-甲基-2-喹啉胺 | 4-methylquinolin-2-amine | 27063-27-0 | C10H10N2 |
|
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