Toxic piperidine alkaloids from pine (Pinus) and spruce (Picea) trees. New structures and a biosynthetic hypothesis
摘要:
A series of 2,6-disubstituted piperidine alkaloids have been isolated from several Pinus (pine) and Picea (spruce) species and characterized structurally. The pines appear to contain only cis-disubstituted piperidines, while the spruces contain both cis- and trans-disubstituted piperidines. The structural relationships among the alkaloids suggest a plausible biosynthetic scheme and a reason why previous attempts to elucidate the biosynthesis of pinidine failed beyond establishing its polyketide origin. A mixture of alkaloids from needles of Pinus ponderosa proved to be highly teratogenic. The alkaloids might therefore be involved in so-called pine needle abortion which occurs in pregnant range cows which feed on Ponderosa pine needles.
Toxic piperidine alkaloids from pine (Pinus) and spruce (Picea) trees. New structures and a biosynthetic hypothesis
摘要:
A series of 2,6-disubstituted piperidine alkaloids have been isolated from several Pinus (pine) and Picea (spruce) species and characterized structurally. The pines appear to contain only cis-disubstituted piperidines, while the spruces contain both cis- and trans-disubstituted piperidines. The structural relationships among the alkaloids suggest a plausible biosynthetic scheme and a reason why previous attempts to elucidate the biosynthesis of pinidine failed beyond establishing its polyketide origin. A mixture of alkaloids from needles of Pinus ponderosa proved to be highly teratogenic. The alkaloids might therefore be involved in so-called pine needle abortion which occurs in pregnant range cows which feed on Ponderosa pine needles.