Captafol is a white crystalline solid with a slight, but pungent odor. Mp: 162°C. Practically insoluble in water. Only slightly soluble in organic solvents. Technical captafol is a wettable light tan powder that is used as a fungicide. Inhaled dust irritates the respiratory tract. Irritates skin and damages eyes. Acute oral toxicity in humans is low. Not persistent in the environment (decomposes with a half-life of 11 days in the soil). Highly toxic to fish and other aquatic organisms.
颜色/状态：
White, solid
气味：
Slight, characteristic pungent odor.
蒸汽密度：
Relative vapor density (air = 1): 12
蒸汽压力：
8.27X10-9 mm Hg @ 20 °C
稳定性/保质期：
在常温常压下稳定，但在酸性和碱性条件下不稳定。它会在熔点温度时缓慢分解。
分解：
Rapidly hydrolyzed in acidic and alkaline media. At 50 °C, 50% decomposition occurs in about 3 hr at pH 6.
No unchanged captafol was detected in the blood, tissues, or urine /in rats, dogs, & monkeys/. The major single metabolite, tetrahydrophthalimide, was detected in blood, feces, & urine, but most of the activity in the blood and urine was in the form of more soluble metabolites. No captafol epoxide was detected ... .
In mammals, following oral administration, /and in plants/ captafol is hydrolyzed to tetrahydrophthalimide and dichloroacetic acid. Tetrahydrophthalimide is degraded to tetrahydrophthalimidic acid and further to phthalic acid and ammonia.
IDENTIFICATION: Captafol is a chloroalkyl thio fungicide. A number of formulations are commercially available which include captafol with other pesticides. It is practically insoluble in water and slightly soluble in most organic solvents. The fungicide is a white crystalline solid. The technical grade is a light tan powder with a characteristic odor. It is stable except under strongly alkaline conditions. Captafol is available as dusts, wettable powders and flowable formulations. The formulated product may pose an environmental risk if released into the aquatic environment. Captafol is a protective non-systemic fungicide widely used to control foliage and fruit diseases of tomatoes, coffee berry disease, potato blight, and tapping panel disease of rubber trees. It is also used in the lumber and timber industries to reduce losses from wood rot fungi in logs and wood products. HUMAN EXPOSURE: The acute oral toxicity is low. Skin, eyes and respiratory tract are targets for local irritation and sensitization. Following ingestion of large quantities of captafol, vomiting and diarrhea have been reported. Respiratory sensitization and conjunctivitis are known to have occurred. Systemic disorders including hypertension, hepatic and renal disturbances, usually paralleling the degree of dermatitis, have been reported following captafol exposure. Wheezing due to bronchospasm, contact dermatitis and vomiting and diarrhea are the features of exposure to captafol by inhalation, skin contact and ingestion respectively. Chronic exposure can cause hypertension, depression of liver function, dermatitis, conjunctivitis and anemia.Exposed individuals include farm and timber workers; workers involved in formulation and dispensing pesticides; agricultural spray workers and crop harvesters during disease vector control periods. Inhalation of captafol as spray mists or powders have been reported in an occupational context. ANIMAL STUDIES: Animal feeding studies have shown that most of the captafol is excreted unchanged and the major metabolite being tetrahydrophthalimide. When rats, dogs and monkeys were fed (14)C-captafol almost 80% was excreted with in 36 hr, mainly in the urine and none via expired carbon dioxide. Most of the small amount in the feces was unmetabolized and probably unabsorbed. No unchanged captafol was detected in the blood, tissues or urine. The major metabolite, tetrahydrophthalimide was detected in the blood, feces and urine, but most of the activity in the blood and urine was in the form of soluble metabolites. No captafol epoxide was detectable. In a dietary study of captafol fed to rats, the incidence of tumors was not increased at any dosage. Rats initially given a single dose of diethylnitrosamine ip were fed two weeks later with a diet containing captafol for 6 weeks and then sacrificed. Carcinogenic potential was scored by comparing the number and area per sq cm of induced glutathione S-transferase placental form positive foci in the liver with those of a corresponding control group given diethylnitrosamine alone. Captafol showed a significant increase in the value of foci. Several teratology studies have been conducted in many mammalian species, including non-human primates. In most studies, where captafol was administered throughout organogenesis, low to no teratogenic potential was demonstrated. Studies with rabbits were contradictory. There have been two studies with no malformed fetuses and one in which 9 of 75 fetuses were malformed. Further investigation of 371 fetuses did not produce a single increase in the number of abnormalities. In a study with golden hamsters, effects of single administration of captafol was compared with effects of repeated administration throughout organogenesis. At the highest single doses maternal mortality increased and some abnormal fetuses were reduced. At the lowest single doses and all multiple doses there were no indications of teratogenic activity. The mutagenicity of captafol using the Salmonella/mammalian microsome with strains containing A-T and G-C base pairs. The S9 mix decreased the mutagenic activity of captafol. Mutagenic activity varied depending upon the strain tested. In studies to test the ability of captafol to induce chromosomal mutations, it was not mutagenic except in a single dominant lethal test repeated by others several times with negative findings. In other tests, sister chromatic exchange and testicular DNA synthesis, captafol was negative. Captafol has strong sensitization reactions in combination with daconil, kelthane and bordeaux. Conjunctivitis and periorbital edema has been reported following occupational exposure. Protein and urobilinogen in the urine have been reported following captafol exposure. Stomatitis and anemia have also been noted after exposure to this pesticide.[
Evaluation: No data were available from studies in humans. There is sufficient evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of captafol. In making the overall evaluation, the working group took into consideration the following supporting evidence: Captafol is active in a wide range of tests for genetic and related effects, including the generally insensitive in vivo assay for dominant lethal mutation. Overall evaluation: Captafol is probably carcinogenic to humans (2A).
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
致癌性证据
癌症分类：2B组 可能的人类致癌物
Cancer Classification: Group 2B Probable Human carcinogen
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
致癌性证据
A4；不可归类为人类致癌物。
A4; Not classifiable as a human carcinogen.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
致癌物分类
国际癌症研究机构致癌物：卡普他福尔
IARC Carcinogenic Agent:Captafol
来源:International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)
When rats, dogs, & monkeys were fed (14)C captafol, almost 80% was excreted within 36 hr, mainly in the urine and none /as/ expired carbon dioxide. ... No unchanged captafol was detected in the blood, tissues, or urine.
敌菌丹是一种用于叶面喷施的非内吸性、保护性农业杀菌剂，1961年由美国Chevron化学品公司生产（Chevron Chemical Company）。它可防治多种作物上的霜霉病、疫病、炭疽病等。敌菌丹对大鼠口服的LD50为5,000～6,200 mg/kg，毒性属于低毒级别，但使用时仍需注意安全，防止吸入或接触皮肤，配药和施药人员应穿戴防护装备。
[EN] ACC INHIBITORS AND USES THEREOF<br/>[FR] INHIBITEURS DE L'ACC ET UTILISATIONS ASSOCIÉES
申请人：GILEAD APOLLO LLC
公开号：WO2017075056A1
公开（公告）日：2017-05-04
The present invention provides compounds I and II useful as inhibitors of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (ACC), compositions thereof, and methods of using the same.
[EN] BICYCLYL-SUBSTITUTED ISOTHIAZOLINE COMPOUNDS<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS ISOTHIAZOLINE SUBSTITUÉS PAR UN BICYCLYLE
申请人：BASF SE
公开号：WO2014206910A1
公开（公告）日：2014-12-31
The present invention relates to bicyclyl-substituted isothiazoline compounds of formula (I) wherein the variables are as defined in the claims and description. The compounds are useful for combating or controlling invertebrate pests, in particular arthropod pests and nematodes. The invention also relates to a method for controlling invertebrate pests by using these compounds and to plant propagation material and to an agricultural and a veterinary composition comprising said compounds.
The present invention relates to azoline compounds of formula (I) wherein A, B1, B2, B3, G1, G2, X1, R1, R3a, R3b, Rg1 and Rg2 are as defined in the claims and the description. The compounds are useful for combating or controlling invertebrate pests, in particular arthropod pests and nematodes. The invention also relates to a method for controlling invertebrate pests by using these compounds and to plant propagation material and to an agricultural and a veterinary composition comprising said compounds.
[EN] SUBSTITUTED QUINAZOLINES AS FUNGICIDES<br/>[FR] QUINAZOLINES SUBSTITUÉES, UTILISÉES EN TANT QUE FONGICIDES
申请人：SYNGENTA PARTICIPATIONS AG
公开号：WO2010136475A1
公开（公告）日：2010-12-02
The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) wherein wherein the substituents have the definitions as defined in claim 1or a salt or a N-oxide thereof, their use and methods for the control and/or prevention of microbial infection, particularly fungal infection, in plants and to processes for the preparation of these compounds.
