The structure-based optimization of 3-substituted indolin-2-one derivatives as potent and isoform-selective c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) inhibitors and biological evaluation
and highlyselectiveJNK3inhibitors with neuroprotective activity and good oral bioavailability. One lead compound, A53, was a potent and selectiveJNK3inhibitor (IC50 = 78 nM) that had significant inhibition (>80% at 1 μM) to only JNK3 in a 398-kinase panel. A53 had low inhibition against JNK3 and high stability (t1/2(α) = 0.98 h, t1/2(β) = 2.74 h) during oral administration. A modeling study of A53