Discovery of Tetrasubstituted Pyrazines As Semiochemicals in a Sexually Deceptive Orchid
作者:Björn Bohman、Lynne Jeffares、Gavin Flematti、Lindsay T. Byrne、Brian W. Skelton、Ryan D. Phillips、Kingsley, W. Dixon、Rod Peakall、Russell A. Barrow
DOI:10.1021/np300388y
日期:2012.9.28
Sexually deceptive orchids employ mimicry of insect sex pheromones to exploit a diverse group of pollinators. The chemical structures of five semiochemicals (1-3,7, 8) produced by populations of the warty hammer orchid, Drakaea livida, pollinated by a thynnine wasp in the genus Catocheilus were elucidated. With the exception of (2,5-dimethylpyrazin-3-yl)methyl 3-methylbutanoate (7), all active compounds were tetrasubstituted pyrazines, including hydroxymethyl (1) and ester (2 and 3) trimethylpyrazine derivatives. Male Catocheilus wasps were responsive to all of these compounds in GC-EAD experiments.