Tryptophan-based fluorophores for studying protein conformational changes
摘要:
With the continuing interest in deciphering the interplay between protein function and conformational changes, small fluorescence probes will be especially useful for tracking changes in the crowded protein interior space. Presently, we describe the potential utility of six unnatural amino acid fluorescence donors structurally related to tryptophan and show how they can be efficiently incorporated into a protein as fluorescence probes. We also examine the various photophysical properties of the new Trp analogues, which are significantly redshifted in their fluorescence spectra relative to tryptophan. In general, the Trp analogues were well tolerated when inserted into Escherichia coli DHFR, and did not perturb enzyme activity, although substitution for Trp22 did result in a diminution in DHFR activity. Further, it was demonstrated that D and E at position 37 formed efficient FRET pairs with acridon-2-ylalanine (Acd) at position 17. The same was also true for a DHFR construct containing E at position 79 and Acd at position 17. Together, these findings demonstrate that these tryptophan analogues can be introduced into DHFR with minimal disruption of function, and that they can be employed for the selective study of targeted conformational changes in proteins, even in the presence of unmodified tryptophans. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Tryptophan-based fluorophores for studying protein conformational changes
摘要:
With the continuing interest in deciphering the interplay between protein function and conformational changes, small fluorescence probes will be especially useful for tracking changes in the crowded protein interior space. Presently, we describe the potential utility of six unnatural amino acid fluorescence donors structurally related to tryptophan and show how they can be efficiently incorporated into a protein as fluorescence probes. We also examine the various photophysical properties of the new Trp analogues, which are significantly redshifted in their fluorescence spectra relative to tryptophan. In general, the Trp analogues were well tolerated when inserted into Escherichia coli DHFR, and did not perturb enzyme activity, although substitution for Trp22 did result in a diminution in DHFR activity. Further, it was demonstrated that D and E at position 37 formed efficient FRET pairs with acridon-2-ylalanine (Acd) at position 17. The same was also true for a DHFR construct containing E at position 79 and Acd at position 17. Together, these findings demonstrate that these tryptophan analogues can be introduced into DHFR with minimal disruption of function, and that they can be employed for the selective study of targeted conformational changes in proteins, even in the presence of unmodified tryptophans. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The invention relates to compound of the formula I
in which the substituents are as defined in the specification; in free form or in salt form; to its preparation, to its use as medicament and to medicaments comprising it.
[EN] DIAZA-SPIRO[5.5]UNDECANES AS OREXIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS<br/>[FR] DIAZA-SPIRO[5.5]UNDÉCANES EN TANT QU'ANTAGONISTES DE RÉCEPTEURS D'OREXINE
申请人:NOVARTIS AG
公开号:WO2011076747A1
公开(公告)日:2011-06-30
The invention relates to compound of the formula (I), in which the substituents are as defined in the specification; in free form or in salt form; to its preparation, to its use as medicament and to medicaments comprising it.
[EN] DIAZA-SPIRO[5.5]UNDECANES USEFUL AS OREXIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS<br/>[FR] DIAZASPIRO[5.5]UNDÉCANES UTILES COMME ANTAGONISTES DES RÉCEPTEURS DE L'OREXINE
申请人:NOVARTIS AG
公开号:WO2012055888A1
公开(公告)日:2012-05-03
The invention relates to compound of the formula (I), in which the substituents are as defined in the specification; in free form or in salt form; to its preparation, to its use as medicament and to medicaments comprising it.
The invention relates to compound of the formula (I), in which the substituents are as defined in the specification; in free form or in salt form; to its preparation, to its use as medicament and to medicaments comprising it.
DIAZA-SPIRO[5.5]UNDECANES USEFUL AS OREXIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS
申请人:Badiger Sangamesh
公开号:US20130281463A1
公开(公告)日:2013-10-24
The invention relates to compound of the formula (I), in which the substituents are as defined in the specification; in free form or in salt form; to its preparation, to its use as medicament and to medicaments comprising it.