Persistent, Consistent, Widespread, and Robust? Another Look at Recent Trends in Old-Age Disability
摘要:
Objective. The purpose of this study was to provide new evidence on disability trends among elderly persons from 1982 to 1996.Methods. The sample includes 125,949 participants aged 70 and older in the 1982-1996 National Health Interview Surveys. Logistic analysis was used to estimate the trend in disability prevalence after controlling for various sociodemographic factors.Results. We found that: (a) the prevalence of disability has declined, but the gains did not persist throughout the entire period or accelerate over time: (b) only routine care disability has declined. whereas more severe personal care disability shows no improvements; (c) estimates are robust to the exclusion of the nursing home population but may be sensitive to growth in the assisted living population: (d) estimates of decline in disability prevalence are fairly consistent across five national surveys: (e) gains have been concentrated among the most educated elderly persons: and (F) gains in education appear to be an important confounder of the improvements.Discussion. Evidence from several surveys using various measures indicate that disability has declined among elderly persons. Determining the causes of the improvements should be a high priority in future research efforts.
Verwendung von Formmassen aus Polyethylenterephthalat und einem organischen Imid zur Herstellung von kristallinen Formkörpern durch Spritzguss bei niedriger Formtemperatur
申请人:BAYER AG
公开号:EP0029930A1
公开(公告)日:1981-06-10
Polyethylenterephthalate mit einem Gehalt bestimmter Imide lassen sich bei Formtemperaturen von 80 bis 120° zu kristallinen Formkörpern verspritzen.
含有某些酰亚胺的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯可在 80 至 120° 的成型温度下注入,形成结晶模塑件。
Flammwidrige Formmassen auf Basis thermoplastischer aromatischer Polyester, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung zur Herstellung von Formkörpern
申请人:BAYER AG
公开号:EP0042561A1
公开(公告)日:1981-12-30
Aromatische Polyester und Polyestercarbonate auf Basis von Diphenolen und Iso- und/oder Terephthalsäuren werden durch geringe Mengen von Ammonium- bzw. Alkalisalzen anorganischer oder organischer Säuren und gegebenenfalls halogenierter Phthalimide und gegebenenfalls Polytetrafluorethylen flammwidrig, ohne daß die mechanischen und chemischen Eigenschaften der Polyester(carbonate) merklich vermindert werden.
Polycarbonat-Formmassen mit verbesserter Flammwidrigkeit
申请人:BAYER AG
公开号:EP0086353A1
公开(公告)日:1983-08-24
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung sind Polycarbonatformmassen mit Zusätzen von Alkali- bzw. Erdalkalisalzen, Tetrahalogenphthalimiden und gegebenenfalls Glasfasern, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie zusätzlich 0,1-7 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,5-7 Gew.-% Brom enthalten.
Polyester thermoplastic molding compositions with good mold release
申请人:MOBAY CORPORATION
公开号:EP0146104A2
公开(公告)日:1985-06-26
The present disclosure is concerned with reinforced flame retarded polyethylene terephthalate molding compositions which have good mold release properties upon being injection molded because they contain low molecular weight copolymer acids which may have been neutralized with selected metal cations. If these copolymer acids are used in sufficient amount they may also act as drip suppressant agents thus allowing the compositions to reproducibly obtain a UL-94 rating at 1/32" of V-0. When used in lower amounts in combination with other drip suppressants these low molecular weight copolymer acids provide both enhanced mold release and enhanced drip suppression. These compositions contain a flame retardant package sufficient to give the base polyethylene terephthalate resin a UL-94 rating at ⅛" of V-0 when tested with just the flame retardant package. These compositions are preferably reinforced with glass or other fibers. The addition to these compositions of a compound bearing at least 3 terminal epoxy groups can improve the composition's physical properties and does improve their resistance to degradation due to thermal or hydrolysis exposure. These compositions are suitable for the injection molding of a wide variety of articles of commerce.
Novel flame retardant elastomeric materials are prepared by admixing a polyetherimide ester and a halogenated flame retarding material. Optionally these compositions may further comprise a modifier resin selected from condensation polymers and addition polymers, flame retardant synergists and drip suppressant.