A novel series of polycyclic amines, containing nitrogen monoxide donating moieties, were synthesised and tested for calcium channel and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor modulating activity. The synthesised compounds were classified into two groups, based on their nitrogen monoxide donating moieties: unsaturated nitro compounds (1, 2 and 3) and nitro esters, or nitrates (4, 5 and 6). The nitrates were obtained via the reaction of hydroxyl functionalities with thionylchloride nitrate. All of the compounds synthesised exhibited significant (p < 0.01) S-nitrosylation capacity. The calcium channel activity of the polycyclic amines was evaluated using a KCl mediated fluorescent calcium flux assay. All the compounds exhibited better calcium channel antagonism than the lead structure, NGP1-01, with compound 1 exhibiting calcium channel blockade comparable to the commercially available nimodipine at concentrations of 10 μM and 1 μM. Compounds 3 and 4 inhibited calcium flux to these levels at 10 μM concentrations. NMDA/glycine mediated N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) calcium influx inhibition was evaluated at a 100 µM concentration using a fluorescent calcium flux assay. All the compounds exhibited NMDAR antagonism with compounds 1 (25.4 %), 2 (20.24 %), 3 (33.14 %) and 6 (24.55 %) showing the most significant NMDAR inhibitory activity (p < 0.01). No clear correlation was observed between the S-nitrosylation capabilities of the compounds and their calcium channel activity or NMDAR channel antagonism, indicating that other factors probably play a more decisive role in the mechanism of pentacycloundecylamine channel modulation. This could include the geometric and steric bulk considerations that have been described to contribute to the channel activities of the pentacycloundecylamines. All the compounds synthesised exhibited promising calcium channel and NMDAR channel inhibitory activity and show promise as potential lead compounds for drug development against neurodegeneration.
一系列新型多环
胺类化合物被合成,并测试其对
钙通道和
N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体的调节活性。这些合成化合物根据其氮氧化物供体部分分为两组:不饱和
硝基化合物(1、2和3)和
硝酸酯或
硝酸盐(4、5和6)。
硝酸盐通过羟基功能团与亚
硫酰氯硝酸盐反应获得。所有合成的化合物均显示出显著的(p < 0.01)S-亚硝基化能力。采用氯化钾介导的荧光钙通量测定法评估多环胺的钙通道活性。所有化合物均表现出比先导结构NGP1-01更好的钙通道拮抗作用,化合物1在10 μM和1 μM浓度下显示出与市面上可获得的尼莫地平相当的钙通道阻断效果。化合物3和4在10 μM浓度下抑制钙通量至这些水平。使用荧光钙通量测定法在100 µM浓度下评估NMDA/甘氨酸介导的N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体(NMDAR)钙内流抑制作用。所有化合物均显示NMDAR拮抗作用,其中化合物1(25.4%)、2(20.24%)、3(33.14%)和6(24.55%)显示出最显著的NMDAR抑制活性(p < 0.01)。没有观察到化合物S-亚硝基化能力与其钙通道活性或NMDAR通道拮抗之间的明确相关性,这表明其他因素可能在五环十一烷胺通道调节机制中起更决定性的作用。这可能包括已描述的对五环十一烷胺通道活性有贡献的几何和立体体积考虑。所有合成的化合物均显示出有前景的钙通道和N
MDAR通道抑制活性,并有望作为针对神经退行性疾病的潜在先导化合物用于药物开发。