A NEW METHOD FOR THE STEREOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF NUCLEOSIDES FROM ACYCLIC EPOXY ALDEHYDES
作者:Tetsuo Miwa、Koichi Narasaka、Teruaki Mukaiyama
DOI:10.1246/cl.1984.1093
日期:1984.7.5
A new method for the stereoselective synthesis of nucleosides starting from acyclic epoxy aldehydes is developed. 2′-Deoxy-α-DL-ribonucleosides and α-L-lyxonucleosides are prepared by the reactions of the corresponding epoxy aldehydes with stannous salts of nucleoside bases utilizing stannous bromide as an activating reagent.
Several α-ribonucleotides are conveniently synthesized from the cyclic phosphate derivatives of ribose and nucleoside bases in highly stereoselective manner.
Nucleoside compounds of the formula
wherein:
B is guanine, adenine, thymine, uracil, cytosine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, 5-methylcytosine, 4-ethoxy-5-methyl-2-oxo-pyrimidine, 4-isopropoxy-5-methyl-2-oxo-pyrimidine, or 5-methyl-2-oxo-pyrimidine;
X isHorF;
Y is H, OH, OCH3 or F; and
Z is
where n is zero, one, or three and both R are hydrogen or lower alkyl; or
Y and Z together form a cyclic phosphate ester; and the pharmaceutically acceptable esters, ethers and salts thereof, have been found to have potent antiviral activity with a high therapeutic ratio.
式中的核苷化合物
其中
B 是鸟嘌呤、腺嘌呤、胸腺嘧啶、尿嘧啶、胞嘧啶、次黄嘌呤、黄嘌呤、5-甲基胞嘧啶、4-乙氧基-5-甲基-2-氧代嘧啶、4-异丙氧基-5-甲基-2-氧代嘧啶或 5-甲基-2-氧代嘧啶;
X 是 H 或 F;
Y 是 H、OH、OCH3 或 F;以及
Z 是
其中 n 为 0、1 或 3,两个 R 均为氢或低级烷基;或
Y 和 Z 共同形成环磷酸酯;已发现这些药学上可接受的酯、醚和盐具有很强的抗病毒活性和很高的治疗比例。
Researches on Pyrimidines. CXLIX. Reactions of Some 2-Ethylsulfonylpyrimidines
作者:James M. Sprague、Treat B. Johnson
DOI:10.1021/ja01294a010
日期:1936.3
N- versus O-Alkylation of 2,3'-anhydrothymidine: reaction of the obtained pyrimidinium salts with azide ion
作者:Catherine Goulaouic、David R. Adams、Angele Chiaroni、Claude Riche、David S. Grierson
DOI:10.1021/jo00063a021
日期:1993.5
Reaction of 5'-O-(thexyldimethylsilyl)anhydrothymidine (1) with O-(mesitylenesulfonyl)hydroxylamine and CH3OTf generates the pyrimidinium salts 3a and 3b which react with azide ion to give the N3-substituted AZT derivatives 4a and 4b, respectively. In contrast, alkylation of 1 with pentyl triflate occurs at both the N3 and 04 positions leading, after treatment with NaN3, to the expected AZT analog 4d and the novel 3-substituted 2,3-dideoxyxylofuranosyl azide 7d. In a further study, the extent to which competing 04-alkylation occurs was found to be sensitive to steric factors, increasing in the order MeOTf < EtOTf < pentyl OTf < i-PrOTf. Formation of the alternate 04-alkylated AZT derivatives 9 via an intramolecular Hilbert-Johnson process was not observed in these reactions. It was demonstrated, however, that reaction of the intermediate O4-alkylated pyridinium salt 6c with Me4NCl does evolve toward the corresponding C-3' chloro compound 14c. Reaction of 1 with the less reactive alkylating agent (EtO)2P(O)CH2OTf is more complicated producing the O-alkylated product 7f and the novel dimer 19.