Alternative gasoline, diesel fuel, marine diesel fuel, jet fuel, and flexible fuel compositions are disclosed. The compositions include an alcohol and/or a glycerol ether or mixture of glycerol ethers, which can be derived from renewable resources. When combined with gasoline/ethanol blends, glycerol ethers can reduce the vapor pressure of ethanol and increase fuel economy. Added to diesel fuel/alcohol blends, glycerol ethers improve the cetane value of the blends. In jet fuel, glycerol ethers can replace all or part of conventional deicing additives, lowering skin toxicity, and glycerol ethers ability to reduce particulate emissions can lower the appearance of contrails. Used in marine diesel, the reduction in particulate emissions can be environmentally significant. In another embodiment, the alternative compositions comprise gasoline, ethanol, and n-butanol, and in one aspect, the ethanol and/or n-butanol can be derived from renewable resources. Fuel additive compositions, including glycerol ethers and hydrocarbons and/or alcohols, are also disclosed.
本发明公开了替代汽油、柴油、船用柴油、喷气燃料和柔性燃料组合物。这些组合物包括一种醇和/或
甘油醚或
甘油醚混合物,它们可以从可再生资源中提取。
甘油醚与汽油/
乙醇混合物混合后,可降低
乙醇的蒸汽压,提高燃油经济性。添加到柴油/
酒精混合燃料中,
甘油醚可以提高混合燃料的
十六烷值。在喷气机燃料中,
甘油醚可以替代全部或部分传统的除冰添加剂,从而降低皮肤毒性,而且
甘油醚减少微粒排放的能力可以减少烟雾的出现。在船用柴油中使用
甘油醚,可以显著减少微粒排放。在另一个实施方案中,替代组合物包括汽油、
乙醇和
正丁醇,在一个方面,
乙醇和/或
正丁醇可以从可再生资源中提取。此外,还公开了包括
甘油醚和碳氢化合物和/或醇在内的燃料添加剂组合物。