Zn2+-Chelating Motif-Tethered Short-Chain Fatty Acids as a Novel Class of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors
摘要:
Among various classes of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, short-chain fatty acids exhibit the least potency, with IC50 in the millimolar range. We rationalized that this weak potency was, in part, attributable to their inability to access the zinc cation in the HDAC active-site pocket, which is pivotal to the deacetylation catalysis. We thus explored the structural optimization of valproate, butyrate, phenylacetate, and phenylbutyrate by coupling them with Zn2+-chelating motifs (hydroxamic acid and o-phenylenediamine) through aromatic W-amino acid linkers. This strategy has led to a novel class of Zn2+ -chelating, motif-tethered, short-chain fatty acids that exhibited varying degrees of HDAC inhibitory potency. One hydroxamate-tethered phenylbutyrate compound, N-hydroxy-4-(4-phenylbutyrylamino)benzamide (HTPB), displayed nanomolar potency in inhibiting HDAC activity. Exposure of several cancer cell lines to HTPB at the submicromolar level showed reduced cell proliferation accompanied by histone hyperacetylation and elevated p21(WAF/CIPI) expression, which are hallmark features associated with intracellular HDAC inhibition.
Zn2+-Chelating Motif-Tethered Short-Chain Fatty Acids as a Novel Class of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors
摘要:
Among various classes of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, short-chain fatty acids exhibit the least potency, with IC50 in the millimolar range. We rationalized that this weak potency was, in part, attributable to their inability to access the zinc cation in the HDAC active-site pocket, which is pivotal to the deacetylation catalysis. We thus explored the structural optimization of valproate, butyrate, phenylacetate, and phenylbutyrate by coupling them with Zn2+-chelating motifs (hydroxamic acid and o-phenylenediamine) through aromatic W-amino acid linkers. This strategy has led to a novel class of Zn2+ -chelating, motif-tethered, short-chain fatty acids that exhibited varying degrees of HDAC inhibitory potency. One hydroxamate-tethered phenylbutyrate compound, N-hydroxy-4-(4-phenylbutyrylamino)benzamide (HTPB), displayed nanomolar potency in inhibiting HDAC activity. Exposure of several cancer cell lines to HTPB at the submicromolar level showed reduced cell proliferation accompanied by histone hyperacetylation and elevated p21(WAF/CIPI) expression, which are hallmark features associated with intracellular HDAC inhibition.
Tungsten-Catalyzed Transamidation of Tertiary Alkyl Amides
作者:Fang-Fang Feng、Xuan-Yu Liu、Chi Wai Cheung、Jun-An Ma
DOI:10.1021/acscatal.1c01840
日期:2021.6.18
chloride as a catalyst and chlorotrimethylsilane as an additive. The highly electrophilic and oxophilic tungsten catalyst enables the selective scission of a C–N bond of tertiary alkyl amides to effect transamidation of a myriad of structurally and electronically diverse tertiary alkyl amides and amines. Mechanistic study implies that the synergistic effect of the catalyst and the additive could pronouncedly