A gold-catalyzed intermolecular reaction of propiolic acids with alkenes led to a [4 + 2] annulation or enyne cross metathesis. The [4 + 2] annulation proceeds with net cis-addition with respect to alkenes and provides an expedient route to α,β-unsaturated δ-lactones, for which preliminary asymmetric reactions were also demonstrated. For 1,2-disubstituted alkenes, unprecedented enyne cross metathesis
A practical route towards α,β-unsaturated δ-lactones based on a [3+3] strategy. Synthesis of (−)-argentilactone
作者:Juan Carlos Carretero、Léon Ghosez
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4039(00)87834-x
日期:——
Studies towards the synthetic applicability of biocatalytic allylic oxidations with the lyophilisate of Pleurotus sapidus
作者:Verena Weidmann、Serge Kliewer、Marko Sick、Sergej Bycinskij、Margarethe Kleczka、Julia Rehbein、Axel G. Griesbeck、Holger Zorn、Wolfgang Maison
DOI:10.1016/j.molcatb.2015.07.008
日期:2015.11
The edible fungus Pleurotus sapidus (PSA) is a particularly interesting biocatalytic system for allylic oxidation and has a remarkably broad substrate range from terpenoids to fatty acids. The oxidations are most likely catalyzed by a lipoxygenase and involve the formation of peroxides via radical intermediates in the first rate-limiting step. We provide herein a rationalization of the observed regioselectivity of these conversions by means of computational determination of bond dissociation enthalpies of a set of tailor-made spirocyclic terpenoids. It was found that only strongly activated allylic positions (BDH298 of <80 kcal/mol) with neighboring heteroatoms or with activating alkyl groups are oxidized to the corresponding unsaturated lactones or enones, respectively. With the synthesis and purification of allylic hydroperoxide intermediates, we have been able to characterize the putative direct precursors of enones in PSA oxidations. Our results suggest a two-step oxidation mechanism involving hydroperoxide intermediates which are rapidly converted to the observed enones by an enzymatic reaction. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.