2-cyano-2-isopropyl-3-methyl-butyric acid | 866-29-5

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 脂质和类脂质分子 - 脂肪酰基
• 英文名称: 2-cyano-2-isopropyl-3-methyl-butyric acid
• 英文别名: 2-Cyan-2-isopropyl-3-methyl-buttersaeure；α,α-Diisopropyl-cyanessigsaeure；Diisopropyl-cyan-essigsaeure；Diisopropyl-cyanessigsaeure；2-Cyano-2-isopropyl-3-methylbutanoic acid；2-cyano-3-methyl-2-propan-2-ylbutanoic acid
• CAS: 866-29-5
• 化学式: C₉H₁₅NO₂
• 分子量: 169.224
• InChiKey: UGKAGYIWOQXPKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.2
• 重原子数：
  12
• 可旋转键数：
  3
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.78
• 拓扑面积：
  61.1
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  3

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  2-cyano-2-isopropyl-3-methyl-butyric acid 在 盐酸 、 氯化亚砜 作用下， 生成 2-isopropyl-3-methyl-butyric acid-((S)-1-methyl-heptyl ester)
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Exercise-induced microalbuminuria in patients with active acromegaly: Acute effects of slow-release lanreotide, a long-acting somatostatin analog

  摘要：

  Recent clinical studies have demonstrated an increase of urinary albumin excretion (UAE) at rest in acromegalic patients and, on the other hand, a reduced UAE in patients with growth hormone (GH) deficiency. Physical exercise is known to induce abnormal UAE in patients with diabetes, probably unmasking early glomerular alterations. The effect of exercise on UAE in acromegaly is not known. Moreover, the effect of acute but sustained GH inhibition in acromegaly on UAE at rest and after exercise has never been studied. The aim of our study was to evaluate the acute short-term effects of slow-release lanreotide (SR-L), a long-acting somatostatin analog, on UAE and alpha 1-microglobulinuria (A-1-M), a marker of renal tubular damage, at rest and after exercise in 7 normotensive patients with active acromegaly and normal renal function (4 males and 3 females; mean age, 53 +/- 3.1 years; body mass index [BMI], 27.3 +/- 1.1 kg/m(2)) at baseline and 7 and 14 days after SR-L injection (30 mg). Two of the acromegalic patients were microalbuminuric at rest, and in other 3 cases, UAE was in the borderline range (10 to 20 mu g/min). At baseline in the acromegalic subjects, we found a significant increase in UAE at rest with respect to 7 normal subjects considered as a control group. GH and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were also reduced compared with baseline 7 and 14 days after SR-L injection (GH, 13.4 +/- 7.3 and 13.61 +/- 7 v 18.5 +/- 9.3 mu g/L, P < .05; IGF-1, 230 +/- 53 and 255 +/- 54 v 275 +/- 64 mu g/L). Concomitantly, we observed a significant decrease of UAE at rest and after exercise and 7 and 14 days after SR-L injection as compared with baseline values (27.3 +/- 20.5 and 18.2 +/- 13.7 v 35.3 +/- 12.8 mu g/min, P < .05; exercise, 48.5 +/- 24.1 and 18.6 +/- 6.8 v 68.3 +/- 39.7 mu g/min, P < .05). A-1-M always remained in the normal range (<12 mg/L) both at rest and after exercise. We can thus conclude that in acromegaly, submaximal exercise induces abnormal increases in microalbuminuria. We hypothesize that this phenomenon may be due to the functional glomeruler involvement. SR-L can significantly reduce UAE at rest and after exercise in the short-term in acromegaly, probably via a decrease in circulating GH levels. Copyright (C) 2000 by W.B. Saunders Company.

  DOI：

  10.1016/s0026-0495(00)80040-2
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  ethyl 2-cyano-2-isopropyl-3-methylbutyrate 在 氢氧化钾 作用下， 以 甲醇 为溶剂， 生成 2-cyano-2-isopropyl-3-methyl-butyric acid
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Pifferi,G. et al., Farmaco, Edizione Scientifica, 1962, vol. 17, p. 882 - 893

  摘要：

  DOI：

文献信息

• Cercis plant named ‘NC2016-2’
  申请人：North Carolina State University

  公开号：USPP031260P2

  公开（公告）日：2019-12-24

  A new and distinct variety of Cercis canadensis eastern redbud plant, herein referred to by its cultivar name, ‘NC2016-2’, is provided which forms emerging purple colored foliage that matures to gold colored foliage. The new variety provides vegetation that is moderately vigorous and the growth habit is semi-weeping. The new variety is well suited for providing attractive ornamentation in the landscape.

  本发明提供了一种新的、独特的东部红豆树品种Cercis canadensis，以其栽培品种名称“NC2016-2”来称呼，其形成初生的紫色叶片，成熟后变为金色叶片。这种新品种提供了适度生长的植被，生长习性为半垂直。这种新品种非常适合在景观中提供美丽的装饰。
• Process for the preparation of an acetonitrile derivative
  申请人：Labaz

  公开号：US04155929A1

  公开（公告）日：1979-05-22

  Process for the preparation of di-n-propyl acetonitrile of the formula: ##STR1## whereby, in a single step, sodium n-propylate in n-propanol medium is added to a reaction medium which is formed of a cyanacetate of general formula: ##STR2## in which R represents an alkyl radical having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n-propyl bromide or iodide, the alkylation reaction taking place under reflux, the crude ester obtained is saponified with a 10 to 20% solution of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, the resulting salt is acidified with a strong acid, to give crude di-n-propyl cyanacetic acid, which is decarboxylated by heating at a temperature between 140.degree. C. and 190.degree. C., so as to obtain the di-n-propyl acetonitrile.

  制备二丙基乙腈的过程如下：在一个步骤中，将丙醇中的n-丙基钠加入反应介质中，该反应介质由一般式为：##STR2## 的氰乙酸盐和n-丙基溴或碘组成，烷基化反应在回流条件下进行，得到的原始酯用10％至20％的氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾溶液皂化，得到的盐用强酸酸化，得到原始的二丙基氰乙酸，通过在140℃至190℃的温度下加热脱羧，从而得到二丙基乙腈。
• Process for obtaining N-monosubstituted amides
  申请人：Millennium Specialty Chemicals, Inc.

  公开号：US20030120113A1

  公开（公告）日：2003-06-26

  A process for obtaining an amide of the general formula R-(CO)—NH—CH 2 —X involves contacting a nitrile of the general formula R-CN with: a) an acid; and c) an alkoxy-containing compound comprising at least one alkoxy functionality of the general formula —OCH 2 -X; wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, or heterocyclic substituent, which substituents can be substituted or unsubstituted; wherein X is hydrogen or a radical having the general formula —CHR 1 R 2 ; and wherein R 1 and R 2 independently or collectively represent hydrogen or an alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, or heterocyclic substituent, or any combination thereof, which substituents can be substituted or unsubstituted. Moreover, the inventive process can involve other similar reactions, for example, at least one nitrile can be reacted with a reagent comprising both (i) at least one suitable alkoxy functionality; and (ii) at least one suitable acid functionality.

  一种获得通式为 R-(CO)-NH-CH的酰胺的工艺 2 -X的酰胺的工艺包括将通式为R-CN的腈与以下物质接触： a) 酸；和 c) 含有至少一个通式 -OCH 的烷氧基官能团的烷氧基化合物 2 -X; 其中 R 是氢或烷基、环烷基、烯基、环烯基、炔基、芳基或杂环取代基，这些取代基可以是取代或未取代的；其中 X 是氢或通式为 -CHR 的基团 1 R 2 其中 R 1 和 R 2 独立或共同代表氢或烷基、环烷基、烯基、环烯基、炔基、芳基或杂环基取代基，或它们的任意组合，这些取代基可以是取代的或未取代的。此外，本发明工艺还可以涉及其他类似的反应，例如，至少一个腈可以与同时包含(i)至少一个合适的烷氧基官能团；和(ii)至少一个合适的酸官能团的试剂反应。
• Testa,E.; Fontanella,L., Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie, 1962, vol. 660, p. 118 - 134
  作者：Testa,E.、Fontanella,L.

  DOI：——

  日期：——
• Marshall, Journal of the Chemical Society, 1930, p. 2760
  作者：Marshall

  DOI：——

  日期：——

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