Enantioselective biotransformation of α,α-disubstituted dinitriles to the corresponding 2-cyanoacetamides using Rhodococcus sp. CGMCC 0497
摘要:
A new application of nitrile-converting enzymes in the synthesis of optically active alpha,alpha-disubstituted-alpha-cyanoacetamides from alpha,alpha-disubstituted-malononitriles with whole cells of Rhodococcus sp. CGMCC 0497 is described. The products were obtained with enantiomeric excesses of up to >99%, and yields of up to 53%. They are very useful chiral intermediates especially for the synthesis of chiral alpha,alpha-disubstituted amino acids but have never been synthesized directly by chemical or enzymatic methods. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
been developed for the reductive alkylation of malononitrile with aromatic aldehydes. This new procedure has vastly improved the yield and efficiency of the process, and increased the scope of the aromatic aldehydes. Incorporating water as the catalyst in ethanol for the condensation step allows stoichiometric amounts of malononitrile and aldehyde to be employed. The reduction step takes place quickly
NANO-REAGENTS WITH COOPERATIVE CATALYSIS AND THEIR USES IN MULTIPLE PHASE REACTIONS
申请人:Gao Yong
公开号:US20110190506A1
公开(公告)日:2011-08-04
Nano-reagents with catalytic activity are provided herein. The nanocatalyst comprises at least one amino acid attached to a nanoparticle, wherein the reactive side chain of the amino acid catalyzes a chemical or biological reaction. Methods of using these nano-reagents to catalyze reactions in solution or in multiple phases are also provided, as are methods of making these nanocatalysts.
Rh-Catalyzed One-Pot Reductive Alkylation of Malononitrile Under Transfer Hydrogenation Conditions
作者:Jiashou Wu、Huajiang Jiang
DOI:10.1080/00397911.2010.481741
日期:2011.3.28
Abstract Efficient synthesis of monosubstituted malononitriles was achieved by one-pot reductive alkylation of malononitrile with carbonyl compounds via [Cp*RhCl2]2-catalyzed transferhydrogenation reaction.
A novel efficient and eco-friendly nanocrystallineZnO catalyst was used for the Knoevenagel condensation and for the reduction of CC double bonds at room temperature in the absence of solvents.
Quinine catalysed asymmetric Michael additions in a sustainable solvent
作者:José A. Castro-Osma、James W. Comerford、Samantha Heath、Oliver Jones、Maria Morcillo、Michael North
DOI:10.1039/c4ra12132e
日期:——
Diethyl carbonate is shown to be a suitable, sustainable solvent in which to carry out quinine catalysed asymmetric Michael additions of malononitriles to enones.