4,5-Diisopropyl-B-[(E)-[(3‘-menthofuryl)dimethylsilyl]allyl]-1,3,2- dioxaborolane, an Improved Chiral Reagent for the Anti α-Hydroxyallylation of Aldehydes: Application to the Enantioselective Synthesis of (−)-Swainsonine
摘要:
Diisopropyl tartrate-modified (E)-[gamma-(furyldimethylsilyl)allyl]boronates 10 and 11 were designed for the enantioselective synthesis of substituted anti-3,4-dihydroxy-1-butenes 9 via the anti-alpha-hydroxyallylation of aldehydes. The reactions of aldehydes with 10 and 11 provided furyldimethylsilyl-substituted anti-1,2-silanols 12 and 13 with good enantioselectivity (74-82% ee), and the silanols were oxidized to the corresponding anti-1,2-diols 9 by a modified Fleming-Tamao oxidation protocol. The high reactivity of the (menthofuryl)silane unit toward electrophilic substitution allowed complete protodesilylation of menthofuryl-substituted silanols 13 and subsequent oxidation to diols 9 in a one-pot operation without competing protodesilylation of the allylsilane unit. However, a two-step protocol was required for the protodesilylation-oxidation of the less reactive 2-(5-methyl)-asymmetric reactions with three chiral aldehydes 23-35 (80 to >92% de, with the exception of the mismatched reactions with aldehyde 25, which were essentially unselective). However, [[[2-(5-methylfuryl)]dimethylsilyl]ally]boronate 10 could only be synthesized in less than or equal to 15% yield, and oxidations of the 2-(5-methylfuryl)-substituted silanols 12 were lower-yielding than oxidations of the corresponding menthofuryl-substituted silanols 13. Thus diisopropyl tartrate-modified (E)-[gamma-[(menthofuryl)dimethylsilyl]ally]boronate 11 proved to be the more useful of the two reagents. As a demonstration of the utility of 11 in the synthesis of polyhydroxylated natural products, this new reagent was used in a brief and highly stereoselective synthesis of the naturally occurring alkaloid (-)-swainsonine (42).
Production method of capsinoid by dehydrating condensation, stabilizing method of capsinoid, and capsinoid composition
申请人:Amino Yusuke
公开号:US20070020738A1
公开(公告)日:2007-01-25
Capsinoids of formula (3) may be conveniently prepared in a high yield, in a short time, without using a dehydrating agent by esterification of a fatty acid of formula (1) with a hydroxymethylphenol of formula (2) using an enzyme without a solvent or in a low-polar solvent. Addition of a fatty acid represented by formula (4) is effective for stabilizing the ester compound of formula (3).
wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification.
PRODUCTION METHOD OF CAPSINOID BY DEHYDRATING CONDENSATION, STABILIZING METHOD OF CAPSINOID, AND CAPSINOID COMPOSITION
申请人:AMINO Yusuke
公开号:US20100152291A1
公开(公告)日:2010-06-17
Capsinoids of formula (3) may be conveniently prepared in a high yield, in a short time, without using a dehydrating agent by esterification of a fatty acid of formula (1) with a hydroxymethylphenol of formula (2) using an enzyme without a solvent or in a low-polar solvent. Addition of a fatty acid represented by formula (4) is effective for stabilizing the ester compound of formula (3).
wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification.
Mediators play a central role in Catellani-type reactions. Herein we reported the discovery of inexpensive 5-norbornene-2-carboxylic acid (N-4) as a general catalytic mediator (20 mol%) to facilitate ortho C-H activation and the following C-C bond formation of aryl iodides. Firstly, a cooperative catalytic system comprising N-4 and a palladium/XPhos complex was developed for the novel Catellani/redox-relay Heck cascade to construct tetrahydronaphthalenes and indanes that contain a quaternary carbon stereogenic center. The striking feature of this work was the avoidance of stoichiometric NBE mediator that are usually required for Catellani-type reactions. Then, preliminary results demonstrated that N-4 could act as a general catalytic mediator to replace NBE for other Catellani-type reactions, which will undoubtedly inspire future developments in the field of cooperative catalysis. Finally, control experiments indicated that the carboxylic acid moiety of N-4 plays an essential role in its ability to serve as a superior mediator. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Conformational effects on the 2,3-sigmatropic shift of sulfur-stabilized ylides and enolates involving bicyclic transition states
作者:Edwin Vedejs、Michael J. Arnost、James P. Hagen
DOI:10.1021/jo01332a029
日期:1979.8
PRODUCTION METHOD OF CAPSINOID BY DEHYDRATING CONDENSATION AND STABILIZING METHOD OF CAPSINOID