Rate Constants for 5-Exo Secondary Alkyl Radical Cyclizations onto Hydrazones and Oxime Ethers via Intramolecular Competition Experiments
摘要:
The kinetics for the 5-exo cyclizations of secondary radicals onto various imine accepters (aryl-, alkyl-, and benzoylhydrazones, oxime ethers, etc.) have been determined. The rate constants have been established by competitive "internal radical clock" type cyclizations on the basis of the known rate constants for alkene and N,N-diphenylhydrazone systems. In refluxing benzene (80 degrees C) the rate constants for these 5-exo cyclizations fall within the range of 16 x 10(7) to 4 x 10(7) s(-1) depending on the electron-withdrawing capacity of the imine acceptor (C=NR). The fastest rate constants were observed for the N-benzyoylhydrazone acceptor (cis, 1.2 x 10(8) s(-1)), a value that is very similar to rate constant determined previously for N,N-diphenylhydrazones (cis, 1.1 x 10(8) s(-1)), These rate constants are approximately 200 times faster than those for the corresponding 5-exo cyclization onto alkenes.
Diastereoselective Synthesis of Diquinanes and Triquinanes Bearing Vicinal Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters from Acyclic Allene-based Precursors via a Cascade Reaction
作者:Shuang Li、Pengpeng Zhang、Yuanhe Li、Shumin Lu、Jianxian Gong、Zhen Yang
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01733
日期:2017.9.1
A cascade benzenethiol-mediated intramolecular [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction between an allene and an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde or ester is developed for the diastereoselective synthesis of [3.3.0] bicyclic system bearing two quaternary atoms at their bridgehead positions. Notably, these structurally complex systems can be found in a wide range of natural products.
Facile Construction of the Tricyclo[5.2.1.0<sup>1,5</sup>]decane Ring System by Intramolecular Double Michael Reaction: Highly Stereocontrolled Total Synthesis of (±)-8,14-Cedranediol and (±)-8,14-Cedranoxide
作者:Masataka Ihara、Kei Makita、Kiyosei Takasu
DOI:10.1021/jo981996n
日期:1999.2.1
It was observed that the synthesis of tricyclo[5.2.1.0(1,5)]decane 10 can be performed effectively by the intramolecular double Michael reaction of 5-(5-methoxycarbonyl-4-pentenyl)-2-cyclopenten-1-one (9). Highly stereocontrolled total syntheses of(+/-)-8, 14-cedranediol (2) and (+/-)-8,14-cedranoxide (1) were accomplished by the application of this methodology. Heating 5-(1,5-dimethyl-5-ethoxycarbonylpent-4-enyl)-2-cyclopenten-1-one (15) with TMSCl, Et3N, and ZnCI2 in o-dichlorobenzene at 150 degrees C provided (+/-)-(1R*, 2R*, 5R*, 6R*, 7S*)-2,6-dimethyl-6-ethoxycarbonyltricyclo[5.2.1.0(1,5)]- decan-9-one (16) as a single isomer. The product 16 was stereoselectively converted into the above cedranoids 2 and 1 through ring expansion chemistry.