Mechanistic Study of β-Substituent Effects on the Mechanism of Ketone Reduction by SmI<sub>2</sub>
作者:Edamana Prasad、Robert A. Flowers
DOI:10.1021/ja020051r
日期:2002.6.1
The rate constants for the reduction of 2-butanone, methylacetoacetate, N, N-dimethylacetoacetamide, and a series of 4‘- and 2‘-substituted acetophenone derivatives by SmI2 were determined in dry THF using stopped-flow absorption decay experiments. Activation parameters for the electron-transfer processes in each series of compounds were determined by a temperature-dependence study over a range of
Alkoxide Activation of Aminoboranes towards Selective Amination
作者:Cristina Solé、Elena Fernández
DOI:10.1002/anie.201305098
日期:2013.10.18
the (inter)action: The interaction of alkoxides with the sp2 Bpin (pin=pinacol) moiety in aminoboranes forms the in situ Lewis acid–base adduct [RO−→B(OR)2N(R′)2] which enables the amino moiety to react as a strong nucleophile with several electrophiles, thus providing amino alcohols, β‐enamino esters, and β‐hydroxy amides in a direct and remarkably selective way (see scheme).
Kinetic resolution of 3-hydroxyalkanamides with good to high selectivities was achieved by benzoylation using copper(II) triflate and (R,R)-PhBox [2,2′-isopropylidenebis(4-phenyl-2-oxazoline)] as catalyst, which also mediated enantioselective tosylation of 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)alkanamides with high efficiency.
Asymmetric synthesis (up to 99%) of β-hydroxy-N,N-dimethylacetamides was achieved starting from aldehydes and an optically active sulphoxide containing synthon, the sense of chiral discrimination depending on the intermediate metal enolate.
Continuous Method For Producing Amides Of Aliphatic Hydroxycarboxylic Acids
申请人:Krull Matthias
公开号:US20110083957A1
公开(公告)日:2011-04-14
The invention relates to a continuous method for producing hydroxycarboxylic acid amides, according to which at least one hydroxycarboxylic acid of formula (I)
HO—R
3
—COOH (I)
wherein R
3
is an optionally substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group comprising between 1 and 100 carbon atoms, is reacted with at least one amine of formula (II)
HNR
1
R
2
(II)
wherein R
1
and R
2
are independently hydrogen or a carbon group comprising between 1 and 100 C atoms, to form an ammonium salt, and said ammonium salt is then reacted to form a hydroxycarboxylic acid amide, under microwave irradiation in a reaction pipe, the longitudinal axis of the pipe being oriented in the direction of propagation of the microwaves of a monomode microwave applicator.