Azaindole N-methyl hydroxamic acids as HIV-1 integrase inhibitors-II. The impact of physicochemical properties on ADME and PK
作者:Steven P. Tanis、Michael B. Plewe、Ted W. Johnson、Scott L. Butler、Deepak Dalvie、Dorothy DeLisle、Klaus R. Dress、Qiyue Hu、Buwen Huang、Jon E. Kuehler、Atsuo Kuki、Wen Liu、Qinghai Peng、Graham L. Smith、Jim Solowiej、Khanh T. Tran、Hai Wang、Anle Yang、Chunfeng Yin、Xiaoming Yu、Junhu Zhang、Huichun Zhu
DOI:10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.10.022
日期:2010.12
HIV-1 integrase is one of three enzymes encoded by the HIV genome and is essential for viral replication, and HIV-1 IN inhibitors have emerged as a new promising class of therapeutics. Recently, we reported the discovery of azaindole hydroxamic acids that were potent inhibitors of the HIV-1 IN enzyme. N-Methyl hydroxamic acids were stable against oxidative metabolism, however were cleared rapidly through phase 2 glucuronidation pathways. We were able to introduce polar groups at the beta-position of the azaindole core thereby altering physical properties by lowering calculated log D values (c Log D) which resulted in attenuated clearance rates in human hepatocytes. Pharmacokinetic data in dog for representative compounds demonstrated moderate oral bioavailability and reasonable half-lives. These ends were accomplished without a large negative impact on enzymatic and antiviral activity, thus suggesting opportunities to alter clearance parameters in future series. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.