(R)-(-)-2-氨基-2-甲基丁二酸 | 866-73-9

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机酸及其衍生物 - 羧酸及其衍生物
• 中文名称: (R)-(-)-2-氨基-2-甲基丁二酸
• 中文别名: 2-甲基-d-天门冬氨酸；α-甲基-D-天冬氨酸
• 英文名称: (-)-2-amino-2-methyl-succinic acid
• 英文别名: (-)-2-Amino-2-methyl-bernsteinsaeure；(R)-(-)-2-Amino-2-methylbutanedioic acid；(2R)-2-amino-2-methylbutanedioic acid
• CAS: 866-73-9；2792-66-7；3227-17-6；14603-76-0
• 化学式: C₅H₉NO₄
• 分子量: 147.131
• InChiKey: CWAYDJFPMMUKOI-RXMQYKEDSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  258 °C (decomp)
• 沸点：
  267.21°C (rough estimate)
• 密度：
  1.4285 (rough estimate)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -3.7
• 重原子数：
  10
• 可旋转键数：
  3
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.6
• 拓扑面积：
  101
• 氢给体数：
  3
• 氢受体数：
  5

SDS

Name:	(R)-(-)-2-Amino-2-methylbutanedioic acid 99+% (80% e.e.) Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:	(-)-2-Methyl-D-aspartic acid
CAS:	14603-76-0

Section 1 - Chemical Product MSDS Name:(R)-(-)-2-Amino-2-methylbutanedioic acid 99+% (80% e.e.) Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:(-)-2-Methyl-D-aspartic acid

---

Section 2 - COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

CAS#	Chemical Name	content	EINECS#
14603-76-0	(R)-(-)-2-Amino-2-methylbutanedioic ac	>99	unlisted

Hazard Symbols: None Listed.
Risk Phrases: None Listed.

---

Section 3 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
The toxicological properties of this material have not been fully investigated.
Potential Health Effects
Eye:
May cause eye irritation. The toxicological properties of this material have not been fully investigated.
Skin:
May cause skin irritation. The toxicological properties of this material have not been fully investigated.
Ingestion:
May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated.
Inhalation:
May cause respiratory tract irritation. The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated.
Chronic:
No information found.

---

Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
Eyes: Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately.
Skin:
Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.
Ingestion:
If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately.
Inhalation:
Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid.
Notes to Physician:

---

Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
General Information:
As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion.
Extinguishing Media:
Use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or appropriate foam.

---

Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8.
Spills/Leaks:
Vacuum or sweep up material and place into a suitable disposal container. Avoid generating dusty conditions. Provide ventilation.

---

Section 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE
Handling:
Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use with adequate ventilation. Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid breathing dust.
Storage:
Keep container closed when not in use. Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.

---

Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION
Engineering Controls:
Use adequate ventilation to keep airborne concentrations low.
Exposure Limits CAS# 14603-76-0: Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166.
Skin:
Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure.
Clothing:
Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Respirators:
Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29 CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Use a NIOSH/MSHA or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator if exposure limits are exceeded or if irritation or other symptoms are experienced.

---

Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Physical State: Powder
Color: white
Odor: Not available.
pH: Not available.
Vapor Pressure: Not available.
Viscosity: Not available.
Boiling Point: Not available.
Freezing/Melting Point: Not available.
Autoignition Temperature: Not available.
Flash Point: Not available.
Explosion Limits, lower: N/A
Explosion Limits, upper: N/A
Decomposition Temperature:
Solubility in water:
Specific Gravity/Density:
Molecular Formula: C5H9NO4
Molecular Weight: 147.13

---

Section 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
Chemical Stability:
Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.
Conditions to Avoid:
Dust generation.
Incompatibilities with Other Materials:
Strong oxidizing agents.
Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, carbon dioxide.
Hazardous Polymerization: Has not been reported

---

Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
RTECS#:
CAS# 14603-76-0 unlisted.
LD50/LC50:
Not available.
Not available.
Carcinogenicity:
(R)-(-)-2-Amino-2-methylbutanedioic acid - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP.

---

Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

---

Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Dispose of in a manner consistent with federal, state, and local regulations.

---

Section 14 - TRANSPORT INFORMATION

IATA
Not regulated as a hazardous material.
IMO
Not regulated as a hazardous material.
RID/ADR
Not regulated as a hazardous material.

---

Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION

European/International Regulations
European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives
Hazard Symbols: Not available.
Risk Phrases:
Safety Phrases:
S 24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
WGK (Water Danger/Protection)
CAS# 14603-76-0: No information available.
Canada
None of the chemicals in this product are listed on the DSL/NDSL list.
CAS# 14603-76-0 is not listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List.
US FEDERAL
TSCA
CAS# 14603-76-0 is not listed on the TSCA inventory.
It is for research and development use only.

---

SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  苯甲氧羰酰琥珀酰亚胺 、 (R)-(-)-2-氨基-2-甲基丁二酸 在 氯化亚砜 、 potassium phosphate 作用下， 以 甲醇 、 水 、 甲苯 为溶剂， 反应 17.0h， 生成 (2R)-2-benzyloxycarbonylamino-4-methoxy-2-methyl-4-oxobutanoic acid
  参考文献：
  名称：

  BETA-SUBSTITUTED BETA-AMINO ACIDS AND ANALOGS AS CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS

  摘要：

  β-取代β-氨基酸，β-取代β-氨基酸衍生物，β-取代β-氨基酸类似物和（生物）同位素及其作为化疗药物的用途被披露。β-取代β-氨基酸衍生物和β-取代β-氨基酸类似物和（生物）同位素是选择性LAT1/4F2hc底物，并在表达LAT1/4F2hc转运蛋白的肿瘤中表现出快速摄取和保留。还披露了合成β-取代β-氨基酸衍生物和β-取代β-氨基酸类似物的方法以及使用这些化合物治疗癌症的方法。β-取代β-氨基酸衍生物和β-取代β-氨基酸类似物在表达LAT1/4F2hc转运蛋白的肿瘤细胞中表现出选择性摄取，并在体内给予受试者后在癌细胞中积累。β-取代β-氨基酸衍生物和β-取代β-氨基酸类似物和（生物）同位素对几种肿瘤类型表现出细胞毒性。

  公开号：

  US20150218086A1
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  Alpha-甲基-DL-天冬氨酸 在 番木鳖碱 作用下， 生成 (R)-(-)-2-氨基-2-甲基丁二酸
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Pfeiffer; Heinrich, Journal fur praktische Chemie (Leipzig 1954), 1936, vol. <2>146, p. 105,107

  摘要：

  DOI：

文献信息

• [EN] BETA-SUBSTITUTED BETA-AMINO ACIDS AND ANALOGS AS CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS AND USES THEREOF<br/>[FR] ACIDES BÊTA-AMINÉS SUBSTITUÉS EN BÊTA ET ANALOGUES À UTILISER EN TANT QU'AGENTS DE CHIMIOTHÉRAPIE ET LEURS UTILISATIONS
  申请人：QUADRIGA BIOSCIENCES INC

  公开号：WO2017024009A1

  公开（公告）日：2017-02-09

  β-Substituted β-amino acids, β-substituted β-amino acid derivatives, and β-substituted β-amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres and their use as chemotherapeutic agents are disclosed. The β-substituted β-amino acid derivatives and β-substituted β-amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres are selective LAT1/4F2hc substrates and exhibit rapid uptake and retention in tumors expressing the LAT1/4F2hc transporter. Methods of synthesizing the β-substituted β-amino acid derivatives and β-substituted β-amino acid analogs and methods of using the compounds for treating cancer are also disclosed. The β-substituted β-amino acid derivatives and β-substituted β-amino acid analogs exhibit selective uptake in tumor cells expressing the LAT1/4F2hc transporter and accumulate in cancerous cells when administered to a subject in vivo. The β-substituted β-amino acid derivatives and β-substituted β-amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres exhibit cytotoxicity toward several tumor types.

  β-取代β-氨基酸，β-取代β-氨基酸衍生物，β-取代β-氨基酸类似物和（生物）同位素以及它们作为化疗药物的用途被披露。β-取代β-氨基酸衍生物和β-取代β-氨基酸类似物和（生物）同位素是选择性LAT1/4F2hc底物，并在表达LAT1/4F2hc转运蛋白的肿瘤中表现出快速摄取和保留。还披露了合成β-取代β-氨基酸衍生物和β-取代β-氨基酸类似物的方法以及使用这些化合物治疗癌症的方法。β-取代β-氨基酸衍生物和β-取代β-氨基酸类似物在表达LAT1/4F2hc转运蛋白的肿瘤细胞中表现出选择性摄取，并在体内给予受试者后在癌细胞中积累。β-取代β-氨基酸衍生物和β-取代β-氨基酸类似物和（生物）同位素对几种肿瘤类型表现出细胞毒性。
• Enantioselective Synthesis of Diversely Substituted Quaternary 1,4-Benzodiazepin-2-ones and 1,4-Benzodiazepine-2,5-diones
  作者：Paul R. Carlier、Hongwu Zhao、Stephanie L. MacQuarrie-Hunter、Joseph C. DeGuzman、Danny C. Hsu

  DOI：10.1021/ja0640142

  日期：2006.11.1

  Benzodiazepines are privileged scaffolds in medicinal chemistry, but enantiopure examples containing quaternary stereogenic centers are extremely rare. We demonstrate that installation of the di(p-anisyl)methyl (DAM) group at N1 of 1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones and 1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-diones derived from enantiopure proteinogenic amino acids allows retentive replacement of the C3-proton via a deprotonation/trapping

  苯二氮卓类药物是药物化学中的特殊支架，但含有四元立体中心的对映体纯的例子极为罕见。我们证明了在源自对映体纯蛋白氨基酸的 1,4-苯二氮卓-2-酮和 1,4-苯二氮卓-2,5-二酮的 N1 处安装二（对茴香基）甲基 (DAM) 基团允许保留替换C3 质子通过去质子化/捕获协议。多种碳和氮亲电子试剂在该反应中发挥良好作用，为相应的季苯二氮卓类化合物提供了出色的对映选择性。一对非对映体 1,4-苯二氮卓-2,5-二酮的去质子化/捕获实验为构象手性在这些对映选择性反应中的关键作用提供了证据。DAM 基团的酸性去除速度快且产率高，并且可以在 N-Boc 吲哚存在下选择性地进行。因此，现在可以完成具有不同 N1 功能的季苯二氮卓类化合物的合成。
• Memory of Chirality of Tertiary Aromatic Amides: A Simple and Efficient Method for the Enantioselective Synthesis of Quaternary α-Amino Acids
  作者：Mathieu Branca、Sébastien Pena、Régis Guillot、Didier Gori、Valérie Alezra、Cyrille Kouklovsky

  DOI：10.1021/ja9039604

  日期：2009.8.5

  A new methodology for the asymmetric synthesis of quaternary alpha-substituted amino acids using memory of chirality has been developed. The strategy utilizes the dynamic axial chirality of tertiary aromatic amides to memorize the initial chirality of an alpha-amino acid during an enolization step. Starting from five different l-amino acids, the corresponding oxazolidin-5-ones containing a tertiary

  已经开发了一种使用手性记忆不对称合成四元 α 取代氨基酸的新方法。该策略利用叔芳香酰胺的动态轴向手性来记住烯醇化步骤中α-氨基酸的初始手性。从五种不同的l-氨基酸开始，一步合成含有叔芳酰胺基团的相应恶唑烷-5-酮，然后用各种亲电子试剂进行烷基化，收率和对映选择性（高达96%，高达>99重结晶后的百分比）。一步脱保护提供对映体富集或对映体纯的季铵 α-氨基酸。我们在此描述了优化过程、在每个系列中获得的结果以及基于 NMR 研究的合理解释，DFT 计算和晶体结构。本文提出的方法构成了从叔l-氨基酸开始的对映纯季α-氨基酸的有效合成（仅三个步骤），没有任何外部手性来源。
• Enantiomerically Enriched .alpha.-Methyl Amino Acids. Use of an Acyclic, Chiral Alanine-Derived Dianion with a High Diastereofacial Bias
  作者：David B. Berkowitz、Marianne K. Smith

  DOI：10.1021/jo00110a029

  日期：1995.3

  diast. ratio, 72% yield) constitutes a formal synthesis of the clinically important antihypertensive (S)-α-methyl-DOPA (Aldomet), in enantiomerically enriched from. In all cases studied, yields are markedly improved, yet diastereoselectivities unchanged, by the addition of 10% HMPA to the reaction milieu. The (-)-8-phenylmenthol chiral auxiliary is conveniently recovered via ester cleavage with KO2/18-crown-6

  已合成了衍生自N-苯甲酰基丙氨酸和以下手性醇的受阻酯：（1）（-）-异樟脑醇；（2）（-）-反式-2-苯基环己醇和（3）（-）-8-苯基薄荷醇。在-78°C下，用LDA（1.2当量）和正丁基锂（2.4当量）在THF中依次处理这些酯，生成相应的手性二价阴离子。用苄基溴将它们中的每一个烷基化表明只有（-）-8-苯基薄荷基助剂对其衍生的二价阴离子具有很高的非对面偏压。实际上，对于具有九种烷基卤化物的烷基化，该二价阴离子（6）始终显示89:11至94：6的非对映异构体比率。如果包含一个重结晶步骤，则可以得到单一的非对映异构产物，如对6的苄基化所证明的。特别要注意的是，用3的烷基化，4-双（叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷氧基）苄基溴（18）（重量比94：6，产率72％）构成了对临床上重要的降压（S）-α-甲基-DOPA（Aldomet）的形式合成，呈对映体形式富集从。在所有研究的案例中，通过向反应环境中添加10
• Chiral 3,6-Dihydro-2H-1,4-oxazin-2-ones as Alanine Equivalents for the Asymmetric Synthesis of α-Methyl α-Amino Acids (AMAAs) under Mild Reaction Conditions
  作者：Rafael Chinchilla、Nuria Galindo、Carmen Nájera

  DOI：10.1055/s-1999-3456

  日期：1999.4

  3,6-Dihydro-2H-1,4-oxazin-2-ones 1 act as very reactive chiral cyclic alanine equivalents and can be diastereoselectively alkylated or allylated using mild reaction conditions: potassium carbonate under phase-transfer catalysis (PTC) conditions when using activated alkyl halides, organic bases such as tert-butylimino-2-diethylamino-1,3-dimethylperhydro-1,3,2-diazaphosphorine (BEMP) or 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) when using unactivated alkyl halides, and neutral Pd(0)-catalysis when allylic carbonates are used. In most cases, the diastereoselectivity under all these different reaction conditions is excellent although the reactions are always carried out at room temperature. Hydrolysis of the obtained alkylated or allylated oxazinones allows the preparation of enantiomerically enriched (S)-α-methyl α-amino acids (S)-AMAAs. The PTC and organic base methodologies have also been applied to the synthesis of (R)-α-methyl α-amino acids starting from (R)-alanine. When dihalides are used as electrophiles under PTC or BEMP conditions, a spontaneous N-alkylation also takes place giving bicyclic oxazinones, which can be hydrolyzed to enantiomerically pure cyclic (S)-AMAAs.

  3,6-二氢-2H-1,4-噁嗪-2-酮1作为非常活泼的手性环状丙氨酸等价物，可以在温和反应条件下进行立体选择性烷基化或烯丙基化：使用活化烷基卤化物时，在相转移催化（PTC）条件下使用碳酸钾；使用非活化烷基卤化物时，使用如叔丁基亚氨基-2-二乙氨基-1,3-二甲基过氢-1,3,2-二氮磷烷（BEMP）或1,8-二氮杂双环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯（DBU）等有机碱；使用烯丙基碳酸盐时，使用中性零价钯催化。在大多数情况下，尽管反应总是在室温下进行，但在所有这些不同反应条件下，立体选择性都非常优异。所得的烷基化或烯丙基化噁嗪酮的水解可以制备具有光学活性的（S）-α-甲基α-氨基酸（S）-AMAA。PTC和有机碱方法也已应用于从（R）-丙氨酸开始合成（R）-α-甲基α-氨基酸。当使用二卤化物作为亲电试剂在PTC或BEMP条件下时，也会自发发生N-烷基化，生成双环噁嗪酮，其可以水解为具有高光学纯度的环状（S）-AMAA。