A novel metallization of non-conductive epoxy substrate with Cu-Sn "speculum alloy," or "white bronze," was performed through successive electrochemical processes: (i) conventional electroless deposition of pure Cu layer and (ii) subsequent electrochemical alloying of the resulting pure Cu layer with Sn using an ionicliquid bath at 150°C, a medium-low temperature. Availability of the Sn quasi-reference
通过连续的电化学过程使用 Cu-Sn“镜合金”或“白青铜”对非导电环氧树脂基材进行新型金属化:(i)纯铜层的常规化学沉积和(ii)随后的电化学合金化使用离子液体浴在 150°C(中低温)下得到含有 Sn 的纯铜层。验证了用于合金化的 Sn 准参比电极的可用性,并检查了所得的由 Cu 6 Sn 5 和/或 Cu 3 Sn 金属间相组成的致密且粘性的 Cu-Sn 层作为镀镍的替代物。发现两种金属间相的丰度取决于合金化电位和持续时间,并根据 Cu-Sn 系统的合金形成热力学进行了讨论。
Lanthanide bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amides vs. trifluoromethylsulfonates as catalysts for Friedel–Crafts acylations
作者:Fanny Duris、Denise Barbier-Baudry、Alain Dormond、Jean Roger Desmurs、Jean Marie Bernard
DOI:10.1016/s1381-1169(02)00341-2
日期:2002.9
The use of catalytic amounts: 1 mol% or less of perfluoroalkyl lanthanide salts as homogeneous catalysts for Friedel-Crafts acylations in non-hazardous solvents is thereafter investigated. Lanthanide bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amides are better catalysts than the triflate analogues towards the acetylation of activated aromatic rings. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science BV All rights reserved.
The Influence of Potential on Electrodeposition of Silver and Formation of Silver Nanoparticles in Some Ionic Liquids
作者:Ryuta Fukui、Yasushi Katayama、Takashi Miura
DOI:10.1149/1.3610202
日期:——
Electrodeposition of Ag was studied in several ionic liquids. When the potential applied more negative than -0.25 V vs. Ag l Ag(I), the cathodic current density reached in the diffusion-controlled region. The surface morphology of Ag deposits, the initial stage of nucleation and crystal growth behavior and the apparent current efficiency changed depending on the applied potential. These results indicate that the applied potential affects the electrodeposition processes of Ag under diffusion-controlled region. Since the electrode reaction rate is controlled by diffusion, the change of the surface morphology may be caused by the change of the double layer structure, which is expected to depend on the applied potential. In addition, Ag nanoparticles were obtained in the ionic liquid after potentiostatic cathodic reduction, suggesting a part of reduced Ag was dispersed in the ionic liquid. (C) 2011 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/1.3610202] All rights reserved.