Copper-Catalyzed Carboxylation of Alkylboranes with Carbon Dioxide: Formal Reductive Carboxylation of Terminal Alkenes
摘要:
Carboxylation of alkylboron compounds (alkyl-9-BBN) with CO2 proceeded in the presence of catalytic amounts of CuOAc/1,10-phenanthroline and a stoichiometric amount of (KOBu)-Bu-t. The alkylboranes are easily and widely available through the alkene hydroboration, and thus the overall process represents a reductive carboxylation of alkenes with CO2. The broad functional group compatibility and the inexpensiveness of the Cu/1,10-phenathoroline catalyst system are attractive features of this protocol.
A versatile route to trisubstitutedalkenylstannanes is presented. The alkyl and Sn moieties were introduced at the β and α carbon atoms of alkynoates, respectively, in a formal syn addition mode with complete regioselectivity (see scheme). A variety of functional groups were tolerated in the alkylboranes and alkynoates.
The first catalytic enantioselective allylic substitution reaction with alkylboron compounds has been achieved. The reaction between alkyl-9-BBN reagents and primary allylic chlorides proceeded with excellent γ-selectivities and high enantioselectivities under catalysis of a Cu(I)-DTBM-SEGPHOS system. The protocol produces terminal alkenes with an allylic stereogenic center branched with functionalized
primary allyl chlorides with enantiocontrol at a useful level. The reaction generates a stereogenic quaternary carbon center having three sp3‐alkylgroups and a vinyl group. This protocol allowed the use of terminal alkenes as nucleophile precursors, thus representing a formal reductive allylic cross‐coupling of terminal alkenes. A reaction pathway involving addition/elimination of a neutral alkylcopper(I)
原位生成的手性Cu I / DTBM-MeO-BIPHEP催化剂系统与EtOK的结合使烷基硼烷试剂与γ,γ-二取代的伯烯丙基氯之间的对映选择性S N 2'型烯丙基交叉偶联以及对映体控制有效等级。该反应产生具有三个sp 3-烷基和一个乙烯基的立体异构的季碳中心。该协议允许使用末端烯烃作为亲核试剂的前体,因此代表了末端烯烃的正式还原性烯丙基交叉偶联。提出了一种涉及用烯丙基氯底物添加/消除中性烷基铜(I)物质的反应途径。
The Catalytic Addition of Alkyl Boranes to Alkynyl Esters Affording Single-Isomer Trisubstituted Olefins
作者:William Ogilvie、Thivisha Rajagopal
DOI:10.1055/s-0030-1259933
日期:2011.5
The generation of a series of trisubstituted olefins bearing alkyl substituents is described using a stereoselective and regioselective addition to alkynyl esters. The method produces trisubstituted olefins as single isomers using a convenient and mild transformation in which alkyl boranes are cross-coupled with alkynyl esters and amides using palladium catalysis.
Single isomer trisubstituted olefins bearing alkyl groups
作者:Thivisha Rajagopal、Alison B. Flynn、William W. Ogilvie
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2010.09.002
日期:2010.11
E-beta-Chloro-alpha-iodo-alpha,beta-unsaturated esters were converted to single isomer trisubstituted olefins bearing alkyl substituents by using and alkyl-Suzuki cross coupling. The process was highly selective, and the products in all cases were isolated as single isomers. Mechanistic investigations indicated that this process transfers a hydrogen from water to the alpha-position of the substrate, and then an alkyl group is introduced to the beta-position of the intermediate template while replacing a chloride. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.