The present invention concerns cyclopentadienylphosphazene complexes (CpPN complexes) of the metals of the third and fourth group and of the lanthanoids with the exception of lutetium. The complexes according to the present invention are isolobal and isoelectronic to [(CpSiN)TiR
2
] complexes.
Exactly one CpPN unit is present in the complexes according to the present invention. In all complexes according to the present invention, the cyclopentadienyl unit of CpPN represents a monodentate, anionic ligand of the metal atom. Furthermore, the metal atom is bound to further anionic ligands. In a preferred embodiment, both the cyclopentadienyl unit and the nitrogen atom are bound within CpPN to the metal atom, so that CpPN then represents a bidentate ligand. Complexes according to the present invention, in which CpN represents a bidentate ligand, are CpPN-constrained geometry complexes (CpPN-CGC). Furthermore, methods are provided for the in situ production of the complexes according to the present invention.
The CpPN complexes can be electrically neutral or can be present as cationic complexes. Cationic complexes are formed by replacing one of the other anionic ligands of the metal atom by a neutral ligand; counterions of the cationic CpPN complexes are preferably fluoroborate, tetraphenyl borate, tetrakis-(3,5-trifluormethylphenyl)borate.
The production is carried out in situ by reacting a metal halide with a protonated cyclopentadienylphosphazene CpPNH and an alkaline or alkaline earth salt of the desired other anionic ligand.
The complexes according to the present invention are suitable for being used as catalysts for the hydroamination and polymerization of olefins.
本发明涉及第三和第四族
金属以及除
镥外的
镧系
金属的
环戊二烯基
磷氮杂环烷配合物(Cp
PN配合物)。根据本发明的配合物与[(CpSiN)TiR2]复合物是同系和同电子的。根据本发明的配合物中存在一个Cp
PN单元。在根据本发明的所有配合物中,Cp
PN的
环戊二烯基单元代表
金属原子的单齿阴离子
配体。此外,
金属原子与进一步的阴离子
配体结合。在一种首选实施例中,
环戊二烯基单元和氮原子都与
金属原子结合在Cp
PN内,因此Cp
PN表示双齿
配体。根据本发明的配合物中,C
PN表示双齿
配体的配合物是Cp
PN约束几何配合物(Cp
PN-CGC)。此外,提供了根据本发明的配合物的原位生产方法。Cp
PN配合物可以是电中性的,也可以存在为阳离子配合物。阳离子配合物是通过用中性
配体替换
金属原子的其他阴离子
配体之一来形成的;阳离子Cp
PN配合物的对离子首选为
氟硼酸盐,四苯
硼酸盐,四(3,5-三
氟甲基苯基)
硼酸盐。生产是通过将
金属卤化物与质子化的
环戊二烯基
磷氮杂环烷Cp
PNH和所需其他阴离子
配体的碱性或碱土盐反应来进行的。根据本发明的配合物适用于用作烯烃的
氢胺化和聚合的催化剂。