METHODS OF MAKING ALKYL LACTATES AND ALKYL LEVULINATES FROM SACCHARIDES
申请人:Battelle Memorial Institute
公开号:US20150045576A1
公开(公告)日:2015-02-12
Unique methods have been developed to convert saccharides into value-added products such as alkyl lactates, lactic acid, alkyl levulinates, levulinic acid, and optionally alkyl formate esters and/or hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Useful catalysts include Lewis acid catalysts and Brønsted acid catalysts including mineral acids, metal halides, immobilized heterogeneous catalysts functionalized with a Brønsted acid group or a Lewis acid group, or combinations thereof. The saccharides are contacted with the catalyst in the presence of various alcohols.
[EN] CONVERSION OF CARBOHYDRATES TO LEVULINIC ACID ESTERS<br/>[FR] CONVERSION DE GLUCIDES EN ESTERS D'ACIDE LÉVULINIQUE
申请人:UNIV DANMARKS TEKNISKE
公开号:WO2014020153A1
公开(公告)日:2014-02-06
The present invention relates to the field of converting carbohydrates into levulinic acid, a platform chemical for many chemical end products. More specifically the invention relates to a method for converting carbohydrates such as mono-, di- or polysaccharides, obtained from for example biomass production into a suitable levulinic acid ester in the presence of a zeolite or zeotype catalyst and a suitable alcohol, and the ester may be further converted into levulinic acid if desired.
Transesterifications with 1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene/Lithium Bromide (DBU/LiBr) - Also Applicable to Cleavage of Peptides from Resins inMerrifleld Syntheses
作者:Dieter Scebach、Adrian Thaler、Denis Blaser、Soo Y. Ko
DOI:10.1002/hlca.19910740520
日期:1991.8.7
amidine base 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) and LiBr (preferably 0,5 and 5 equiv., resp.) turns out to be a highly efficient catalyst (at 0–25°) for saponifications (in THF/H2O) and transesterifications (in ROH). The scope and limitations of the method are determined using ca. two dozens of different ester/alcohol combinations (Schemes 2 and 3). The investigation is focused on peptides as substrates
base碱的1,8-二氮杂双环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯(DBU)和LiBr(最好分别为0.5和5当量)的混合物被证明是一种高效催化剂(0时) –25°)用于皂化(在THF / H 2 O中)和酯交换(在ROH中)。该方法的范围和局限性由ca确定。两种不同的酯/醇组合(方案2和3)。研究集中在肽作为底物上。在精心控制的条件下,N -Boc-和N不会发生准分子反应-Z-保护的肽酯,当是甲基,乙基,异丙基或烯丙基酯的产物时,如含多达六个氨基酸的肽所示,C端带有Ala,Len MeLeu,Asp(OEt)或Tyr (方案3以及表1和2)。Bom-Leu-Ala-Gly-Val-OR和Boc-Leu-Ala-Gly-Phe-OR(R = H,Me)从PAM和Wang树脂中水解和酯基转移(R = H,Me)(0–25°下1–8 h ,通过这种方法可以在不致使C端立体异构中心发生差向异构的情况下,获
[EN] KETAL ESTERS OF ANHYDROPENTITOLS AND USES THEREOF<br/>[FR] CÉTO-ESTERS D'ANHYDROPENTITOLS ET LEURS UTILISATIONS
申请人:XLTERRA INC
公开号:WO2010138842A1
公开(公告)日:2010-12-02
The present disclosure relates to the preparation of ketal compounds from anhydropentitols and oxocarboxylates; derivatives, homopolymers, and copolymers thereof; and various compositions, formulations, and articles derived therefrom.
Irreversible Catalytic Ester Hydrolysis of Allyl Esters to Give Acids and Aldehydes by Homogeneous Ruthenium and Ruthenium/Palladium Dual Catalyst Systems
An irreversible hydrolysis reaction of allyl esters (1) into carboxylic acids (2) and propanal (3) was achieved with a ruthenium/palladium (Ru/Pd) dual catalyst system. The optimized catalysts consists of a 1:1:1 mixture of (cyclopentadienyl)tris(acetonitrile)ruthenium hexafluorophosphate [RuCp(MeCN)3] PF6}, bis(acetonitrile)palladium dichloride [PdCl2(MeCN)2] and 1,6‐bis(diphenylphosphanyl)hexane