Central Cholinergic Agents. I. Potent Acethlcholinesterase Inhibitors, 2-(.OMEGA.-(N-Alkyl-N-(.OMEGA.-phenyl-alkyl)amino)alkyl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-diones, Based on a New Hypothesis of the Enzyme's Active Site.
作者:Yuji ISHIHARA、Koki KATO、Giichi GOTO
DOI:10.1248/cpb.39.3225
日期:——
It has been suggested that the active site of acetylcholinesterase contains a hydrophobic binding site (HBS-1), which is closely adjacent to both the anionic and the esteratic sites. In this paper, we assumed that there exists another hydrophobic binding site (HBS-2), some distance removed from the anionic site. On this assumption, a new working hypothesis was proposed for the design of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. A series of 2-[ω-[N-alkyl-N-(ω-phenyl-alkyl)amino]alkyl]-1H-isoindole-1, 3(2H)-diones was designed based on this hypothesis and tested for its inhibitory activities on acetylcholinesterase. Some in this series were revealed to be more potent than physostigmine. Optimum activity was found to be associated with a five carbon chain length separating the benzylamino group from the 1H-isoindole-1, 3(2H)-dione (phthalimide) moiety. Quantitative study of substitution effect on the phthalimide moiety revealed that hydrophilic and electron-withdrawing groups enhance the activity.
有人提出,乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性部位包含一个疏水性结合位点(HBS-1),该位点紧邻阴离子位点和酯酶位点。本文假设存在另一个疏水性结合位点(HBS-2),该位点与阴离子位点相距一定距离。基于此假设,我们提出了设计新型乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂的工作假说。依据该假说,设计了一系列2-[ω-[N-烷基-N-(ω-苯基-烷基)氨基]烷基]-1H-异吲哚-1,3(2H)-二酮,并测试了它们对乙酰胆碱酯酶的抑制活性。系列中某些化合物的抑制活性显示出比毒扁豆碱更强的效力。最佳活性与苄氨基与1H-异吲哚-1,3(2H)-二酮(邻苯二甲酰亚胺)部分之间间隔五个碳原子相关。对邻苯二甲酰亚胺部分进行取代效应的定量研究发现,亲水性和吸电子基团能提高活性。