Phosphorus amino acid analogs as inhibitors of leucine aminopeptidase
作者:Peter P. Giannousis、Paul A. Bartlett
DOI:10.1021/jm00392a014
日期:1987.9
A variety of phosphorus amino acid and dipeptide analogues have been synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of the metalloenzyme leucine aminopeptidase from porcine kidney. Two phosphonate dipeptides were found to be modest inhibitors of the enzyme (8e, Ki = 58 microM; 8h, Ki = 340 microM). The phosphinicacid (17-OH) and phosphinamide (17-NH2) analogues related to bestatin were prepared by condensation
Remote Binding Energy in Antibody Catalysis: Studies of a Catalytically Unoptimized Specificity Pocket
作者:Herschel Wade、Thomas S. Scanlan
DOI:10.1021/ja983017e
日期:1999.2.1
Binding interactions remote from the hydrolytic reaction center have been probed with substrate and phosphonate transition state analogues to understand how these types of interactions are used to promote catalysis in the 17E8 system, We find that the hapten-generated recogniton pocket in 17E8 has properties that are analogous to those of specificity pockets in enzymes, pie have also found that there are specific requirements to form catalytically productive interactions between the side chain and the recognition pocket including conformation, size, and geometry. An additional requirement includes Favorable simultaneous interactions between the side chain and binding packet along with favorable interactions with the oxyanion hole. The 17E8 side chain recognition pocket seems to be less catalytically efficient than analogous pockets in enzymatic systems. The apparent binding energy gained from the methylene-packet interactions in the 17E8 system is significantly smaller than those observed in natural enzymes. Furthermore, 17E8 does not use specific interactions in the recognition pocket to significantly affect catalytic turnover (k(cat)) which is thought to be a trait of an unoptimized catalyst. Analysis of the crystal structure of the 17E8,hapten complex has allowed for the identification of differences between the active sites of 17E8; and several proteases, The identified differences give insight to the sources of the inefficient use of binding energy.
Towards the identification of unknown neuropeptide precursor-processing enzymes: Design and synthesis of a new family of dipeptidyl phosphonate activity probes for substrate-based protease identification
作者:Eduard Sabidó、Teresa Tarragó、Ernest Giralt
DOI:10.1016/j.bmc.2010.09.066
日期:2010.12
Specific proteolytic processing of inactive precursors is an exquisite cellular mechanism that triggers the activation of numerous physiologic peptides and proteins. This process ensures the generation of biologically active peptides, such as many neuropeptides and peptide hormones, in the appropriate cellular compartments at the right time, and its failure leads to several pathological conditions. Identification of the proteases involved in this limited proteolysis is, therefore, an essential step for the subsequent establishment of new therapeutic targets. As a first effort along this line, we synthesized eight new dipeptidyl phosphonate activity-based probes and used them to explore the soluble proteome from mouse brain and pituitary gland for substrate-based protease identification both by in-gel analysis and mass spectrometry. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Transesterification of Diphenyl Phosphonates using the Potassium Fluoride/Crown Ether/Alcohol System; Part 2. The Use of Diphenyl 1-Aminoalkanephosphonates in Phosphonopeptide Synthesis