A practical, general and efficient protocol for the catalytic epoxidation of alkenes has been developed. The in situ generation of reactive dioxiranes capable of epoxidizing a variety of alkenes under biphasic conditions has been accomplished using phase transfer catalysts bearing a carbonyl group. Optimal epoxidation conditions employ 10 mol % of 1-dodecyl-1-methyl-4-oxopiperidinium triflate (8d(+)OTf(-)) in a CH2Cl2/pH 7.5-8.0 biphase using potassium monoperoxosulfate (Oxone) as the oxidant. Optimization of the conditions identified (1) slow addition rate, (2) pH 7.5-8.0, (3) N-dodecyl chain, and (4) the triflate salt as key experimental and structural variables. A selection of nine olefins was successfully oxidized to the corresponding epoxides in 83-96% yield.
ANTIMICROBIALS FOR PRESERVATION OF HOME AND PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS
申请人:GALAXY SURFACTANTS LTD.
公开号:US20190106378A1
公开(公告)日:2019-04-11
Disclosed herein are antimicrobial N-Alkyl-N,N-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-N-benzyl ammonium chlorides of Formula I for preservation of home and personal care products. The invention further discloses a process for preparation of the antimicrobial compounds and home & personal care compositions comprising the N-Alkyl-N,N-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-N-benzyl ammonium chlorides of Formula I
R=C
8-18
saturated or unsaturated alkyl group
Synthesis and characterization of Au nanocatalyst on modifed bentonite and silica and their applications for solvent free oxidation of cyclohexene with molecular oxygen
In the present work, the selective liquid phase oxidation of cyclohexene mainly to 2-cyclohexe-1-one has been investigated over gold nanoparticles (GNPs) with molecular oxygen in a solvent-free condition. Gold nanoparticles were synthesised on two modified supports of silica and bentonite. In this respect the surface of silica and bentonite was modified with organic ligands consist of thiol and thioester groups. The catalysts were characterized by TEM, XPS, N-2 adsorption/desorption, FT-IR, and CHNS techniques. TEM images show that the gold nanoparticles over modified bentonite and silica have diameters in the range Of 50 and less than 10 nm, respectively. The results show that the catalytic activity of gold nanoparticles over modified silica, SiO2-pA-Acrylate-Thioamide-Au (0), is much better than the gold nanoparticles immobilized on the modified bentonite, MEDPT@CP-bentonite-Au (0). The catalytic activity over SiO2-pA-Acrylate-Thioamide-Au (0) recycled catalyst remained at a satisfactory state after at least 4 cycles. Activity tests were carried out in an autoclave under solvent-free conditions. In order to obtain maximum conversion, the reaction parameters such as reaction temperature and time were optimized. Under optimized conditions, a maximum of 92% conversion and 97% selectivity was achieved with the SiO2-pA-Acrylate-Thioamide-Au (0) catalyst. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Preparation of Pd (0) and Pd (II) nanotubes and nanoparticles on modified bentonite and their catalytic activity in oxidation of ethyl benzene to acetophenone
作者:M. Ghiaci、Z. Sadeghi、M.E. Sedaghat、H. Karimi-Maleh、J. Safaei-Ghomi、A. Gil
DOI:10.1016/j.apcata.2010.03.062
日期:2010.6
The synthesis and application of palladium nanotubes and nanoparticles on modified bentonite was studied. In the first step, an organo-bentonite was prepared by the exchange of the exchangeable Na(+) cations of a homoionic Na-bentonite by cetyl pyridinium cations (CP-bentonite), especially in the range of low coverage ratios where surfactant ions are adsorbed through cation exchange with the counter ions of bentonite. At this stage, there will be a disordered liquid-like monolayer arrangement of alkyl chain within the gallery. This modified bentonite was loaded with the first generation of amidoamine hyperbranch cascade, 3,3'-(dodecylazanediyl) bis(N-(2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethyl)propanamide) (DAEP), which has a long aliphatic tail (C(12)) and a hydrophilic head. The solid/liquid interfacial layer of this architecturally designed bentonite (DAEP-bentonite) was utilized as a nanoreactor for the synthesis of nanoparticles of Pd(2+) and Pd(0). The structure, specific surface area, and porosity of bentonite are significantly altered by the incorporation of nanoparticles. These alterations were monitored by several techniques such as N(2) adsorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The size of the palladium nanoparticles prepared in this work was in the range of 5-15 nm. Solvent free oxidation of ethyl benzene using tert-butyl hydroperoxide as an oxidant showed that the palladium nanocatalysts prepared in this work, were highly active and selective. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.