AbstractLipases that display high regioselectivities and broad substrate tolerance were used as catalysts for the efficient esterification of glycerol under the conditions of irreversible acyl transfer. A variety of unsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic, linoleic, erucic, ricinolic, hydroxystearic and coriolic acid, were used for this purpose in the form of their vinyl esters. Suitable biocatalysts were chosen on the basis of systematic screening experiments regarding their regioselectivities (RE) and substrate tolerances. Distinct differences were found and expressed in numerical RE values as a measure for differences of these biocatalysts as being specific, selective, and nonspecific. Based on these experiments, a variety of molecules were synthesized on a preparative scale (>150 mmol) in good yield (ca.85%) and with high regioisomerical purities (>95% RE).
摘要 利用具有高区域选择性和广泛底物耐受性的脂肪酶作为催化剂,在不可逆酰基转移条件下对甘油进行高效酯化。油酸、亚油酸、芥酸、蓖麻酸、羟基硬脂酸和科里奥利酸等多种不饱和脂肪酸以乙烯基酯的形式被用于此目的。在对生物催化剂的区域选择性(RE)和底物耐受性进行系统筛选的基础上,选择了合适的生物催化剂。实验发现,这些生物催化剂在特异性、选择性和非特异性方面存在明显差异,并以 RE 数值表示。在这些实验的基础上,以制备规模(150 毫摩尔)合成了多种分子,产率高(约 85%),区域异构纯度高(95% RE)。