β--acrylonitril | 21777-18-4

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 吲哚及其衍生物
• 英文名称: β--acrylonitril
• 英文别名: 3-indol-3-yl-acrylonitrile；beta-(3-Indolyl)acrylonitrile；3-(1H-indol-3-yl)prop-2-enenitrile
• CAS: 21777-18-4
• 化学式: C₁₁H₈N₂
• 分子量: 168.198
• InChiKey: GQCABHQDRZQIOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  147-148 °C
• 沸点：
  401.9±20.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  1.234±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.4
• 重原子数：
  13
• 可旋转键数：
  1
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  39.6
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  1

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  β--acrylonitril 在 三氟乙酸 作用下， 以 二氯甲烷 为溶剂， 反应 12.0h， 以45%的产率得到(z)-1,3-bis(3-indolyl)-2,4-dicyano-1-butylene
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Exploring stereoselectivity of 3-indolyl cyclopent[b]indoles: A parallel synthesis and anti-EGFR study on human cancer cells

  摘要：

  We synthesized a series of novel 3-indolyl cyclopent[b]indoles by trifluoroacetic acid mediated cyclodimerizations. The reaction showed high stereoselectivity and moderate to good yields. The influencing factors for stereoselectivity were systematically analyzed and a stepwise reaction mechanism was proposed. The cell viability tests in two colon and two lung cancer cell lines indicated the 1-benzyl-2phenyl-group in 3-indolyl cyclopent[b]indoles was critical for the observed lower IC(50)s in these compounds. Western blot analysis demonstrated that the compound inhibited the expression and phosphorylation of EGFR through altered HSP90 expression. Further cell cycle and cell cycle check point protein analyses showed expected anti-cellular proliferation and cell cycle arresting properties associated with suppressed EGFR expression and phosphorylation. These data revealed a novel molecular mechanism explaining the observed cytotoxicities for these compounds. (C) 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

  DOI：

  10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.08.012
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  3-吲哚甲醛 、 氰甲基磷酸二乙酯 在 potassium carbonate 作用下， 生成 β--acrylonitril
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Highly potent inhibitors of the Grb2-SH2 domain

  摘要：

  Highly potent inhibitors of the Grb2-SH2 domain have been synthesized. They share the common sequence: Ac-Pmp-Ac(6)c-Asn-NH-(3-indolyl-propyl). Different substituents at the 3-indolyl-propylamine C-terminal group were explored to further improve the activity. This is the first example of inhibitors of SH2 domains with sub-nanomolar affinity reported to date. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

  DOI：

  10.1016/s0960-894x(98)00701-x

文献信息

• Regioselective radical hydroboration of electron-deficient alkenes: synthesis of α-boryl functionalized molecules
  作者：Yun-Shuai Huang、Jie Wang、Wan-Xin Zheng、Feng-Lian Zhang、You-Jie Yu、Min Zheng、Xiaoguo Zhou、Yi-Feng Wang

  DOI：10.1039/c9cc06506g

  日期：——

  various electron-deficient alkenes is achieved by the employment of an NHC–boryl radical. A range of α-borylated nitriles, trifluoromethyl molecules, phosphonates, sulfones, and gem-diboron compounds have been prepared from readily available starting materials. Further synthetic applications of these products are also demonstrated.

  通过使用NHC-硼基自由基，可以实现各种电子不足的烯烃的区域选择性自由基硼氢化。已经从容易获得的起始原料制备了一系列α-硼化的腈，三氟甲基分子，膦酸酯，砜和宝石-二硼化合物。这些产品的进一步合成应用也得到了证明。
• Borrowing Hydrogen: Indirect “Wittig” Olefination for the Formation of C–C Bonds from Alcohols
  作者：Phillip J. Black、Michael G. Edwards、Jonathan M. J. Williams

  DOI：10.1002/ejoc.200600070

  日期：2006.10

  development of an indirect three-step domino sequence for the formation of C-C bonds from alcohol substrates is described. An iridium-catalysed dehydrogenation of alcohol I affords the intermediate aldehyde 2. The desired C-C bond can then be formed by a facile Wittig olefination, yielding the intermediate alkene 3. In the final step the alkene is hydrogenated to afford the indirect Wittig product, the

  描述了从醇底物形成 CC 键的间接三步多米诺骨牌序列的成功开发。醇 I 的铱催化脱氢得到中间体醛 2。然后可以通过简单的 Wittig 烯化形成所需的 CC 键，产生中间体烯烃 3。在最后一步中，烯烃被氢化以提供间接的 Wittig 产物，即烷烃 4. 这个过程的关键是借氢的概念；在最初的脱氢步骤中除去的氢气被铱催化剂简单地借用。作为储氢器，催化剂促进 CC 键的形成，然后在最后一步返回借用的氢。在此，我们将详细介绍我们对底物和反应范围以及催化循环的局限性的研究。((c) Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)。
• Expedient synthesis of densely substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles
  作者：Dattatraya H. Dethe、Raghavender Boda

  DOI：10.1039/c6ob00861e

  日期：——

  indolyl-2-carbinols with various dienophiles such as indole derived α,β-unsaturated esters, ketones, nitriles and cinnamates is described. The strategy was further applied for the synthesis of optically active pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles in >97% de using the chiral auxiliary based approach.

  描述了Cu（OTf）2催化吲哚基-2-甲醇与各种双亲物如吲哚衍生的α，β-不饱和酯，酮，腈和肉桂酸酯的[6 + 2]环加成反应。该策略进一步被应用到基于手性助剂的合成中，以> 97％de的光学活性吡咯并[1,2- a ]吲哚合成。
• IDO Inhibitors
  申请人：Mautino Mario

  公开号：US20110053941A1

  公开（公告）日：2011-03-03

  Presently provided are methods for (a) modulating an activity of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase comprising contacting an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase with a modulation effective amount of a compound as described in one of the aspects described herein; (b) treating indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) mediated immunosuppression in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering an effective indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase inhibiting amount of a compound as described in one of the aspects described herein; (c) treating a medical conditions that benefit from the inhibition of enzymatic activity of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase comprising administering an effective indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase inhibiting amount of a compound as described in one of the aspects described herein; (d) enhancing the effectiveness of an anti-cancer treatment comprising administering an anti-cancer agent and a compound as described in one of the aspects described herein; (e) treating tumor-specific immunosuppression associated with cancer comprising administering an effective indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase inhibiting amount of a compound as described in one of the aspects described herein; and (f) treating immunosuppression associated with an infectious disease, e.g., HIV-I infection, comprising administering an effective indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase inhibiting amount a compound as described in one of the aspects described herein.

  目前提供以下方法：(a) 通过接触本文中描述的化合物的调节有效量与吲哚胺2,3-二氧化酶相互作用，从而调节吲哚胺2,3-二氧化酶的活性；(b) 治疗需要吲哚胺2,3-二氧化酶(IDO)介导的免疫抑制的患者，包括给予本文中描述的化合物的有效吲哚胺2,3-二氧化酶抑制剂量；(c) 治疗需要抑制吲哚胺-2,3-二氧化酶酶活性的医疗状况，包括给予本文中描述的化合物的有效吲哚胺2,3-二氧化酶抑制剂量；(d) 增强抗癌治疗的有效性，包括给予抗癌剂和本文中描述的化合物；(e) 治疗与癌症相关的肿瘤特异性免疫抑制，包括给予本文中描述的化合物的有效吲哚胺2,3-二氧化酶抑制剂量；(f) 治疗与传染病相关的免疫抑制，例如HIV-1感染，包括给予本文中描述的化合物的有效吲哚胺2,3-二氧化酶抑制剂量。
• Tunable Brønsted Acidity-Dependent Alkylation and Alkenylation of Indoles
  作者：Kaikai Wu、Ping Wu、Liandi Wang、Jiping Chen、Chenglin Sun、Zhengkun Yu

  DOI：10.1002/adsc.201400477

  日期：2014.12.15

  AbstractThe Brønsted acid‐mediated alkylation and alkenylation of indoles were efficiently achieved by means of 3‐(dimethylamino)acrylonitrile. Regulating the acidity of the reaction medium with para‐toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (p‐TsOH⋅H2O) and/or acetic acid (HOAc) led to versatile formation of 3‐alkylated and 3‐alkenylated indole derivatives under mild conditions. The 3‐alkylated indole products could be nearly quantitatively transformed to the corresponding separable (E)‐ and (Z)‐3‐alkenylated indoles.magnified image