(1S),3(R)-9,10-secocholesta-5(E),7(E),10(19)-triene-1,3,25-triol | 73837-24-8

• 物质功能分类: 分析化学 - 标准品 - 药典标准品和杂质标准品
• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 脂质和类脂质分子 - 类固醇和类固醇衍生物
• 英文名称: (1S),3(R)-9,10-secocholesta-5(E),7(E),10(19)-triene-1,3,25-triol
• 英文别名: 5,6-trans-1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃；5,6-trans-1alpha,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3；trans-Calcitriol；(1R,3S,5E)-5-[(2E)-2-[(1R,3aS,7aR)-1-[(2R)-6-hydroxy-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-7a-methyl-2,3,3a,5,6,7-hexahydro-1H-inden-4-ylidene]ethylidene]-4-methylidenecyclohexane-1,3-diol
• CAS: 73837-24-8
• 化学式: C₂₇H₄₄O₃
• 分子量: 416.645
• InChiKey: GMRQFYUYWCNGIN-DRQJEBLXSA-N

物化性质

• 沸点：
  565.0±50.0 °C(Predicted)
• 密度：
  1.06±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
• 溶解度：
  可溶于氯仿（少许）、甲醇（少许）
• 颜色/状态：
  Colorless, crystalline solid
• 熔点：
  115.0 °C
• 蒸汽压力：
  1.2X10-12 mm Hg at 25 °C (est)
• 稳定性/保质期：
  Calcitriol will degrade during prolonged exposure to light.
• 旋光度：
  Specific optical rotation = +48 deg at 22 °C/D (methanol)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  5.1
• 重原子数：
  30
• 可旋转键数：
  6
• 环数：
  3.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.78
• 拓扑面积：
  60.7
• 氢给体数：
  3
• 氢受体数：
  3

ADMET

代谢

钙三醇是维生素D3（胆钙化醇）的活性形式。人体内自然或内源性的维生素D供应主要依赖于紫外线，将皮肤中的7-脱氢胆固醇转化为维生素D3。维生素D3在肝脏和肾脏中必须经过代谢激活，才能在其靶组织中完全发挥作用。最初的转化由肝脏中的维生素D3-25-羟化酶酶催化，这个反应的产物是25-(OH)D3（钙化二醇）。后者在肾脏组织的线粒体中发生羟基化，这个反应由肾脏的25-羟基维生素D3-1α-羟化酶激活，以产生1,25-(OH)2D3（钙三醇），即维生素D3的活性形式。

Calcitriol is the active form of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol). The natural or endogenous supply of vitamin D in man mainly depends on ultraviolet light for conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol to vitamin D3 in the skin. Vitamin D3 must be metabolically activated in the liver and the kidney before it is fully active on its target tissues. The initial transformation is catalyzed by a vitamin D3-25-hydroxylase enzyme present in the liver, and the product of this reaction is 25-(OH)D3 (calcifediol). The latter undergoes hydroxylation in the mitochondria of kidney tissue, and this reaction is activated by the renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-1-a-hydroxylase to produce 1,25-(OH)2D3 (calcitriol), the active form of vitamin D3.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

1,25-二羟基胆固醇钙化醇（钙三醇）和1,25-二羟基麦角钙化醇似乎被代谢为它们各自的三羟基代谢物（即1,24,25-三羟基胆固醇钙化醇，1,24,25-三羟基麦角钙化醇）以及其他化合物。尿液中最主要的代谢物是更亲水的钙三醇酸。虽然尚未识别出胆固醇钙化醇和麦角钙化醇的所有代谢物，但肝脏微粒体酶可能参与降解麦角钙化醇和胆固醇钙化醇的代谢物。

1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol (calcitriol) and 1,25-dihydroxyergocalciferol appear to be metabolized to their respective trihydroxy metabolites (i.e., 1,24,25-trihydroxycholecalciferol, 1,24,25-trihydroxyergocalciferol) and to other compounds. The principal metabolite excreted in urine is calcitroic acid, which is more water soluble. Although all the metabolites of cholecalciferol and ergocalciferol have not been identified, hepatic microsomal enzymes may be involved in degrading metabolites of ergocalciferol and cholecalciferol.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

钙三醇（1,25-二羟基维生素D）通过一种由钙三醇诱导并由刺激25-OHD-1-α-羟化酶的因素抑制的肾脏羟化酶转化为1,24,25-(OH)3-D。这种酶还使25-OHD羟基化形成24,25-(OH)2D。这两种24-羟基化化合物比钙三醇活性低，推测是注定要排泄的代谢物。钙三醇的侧链氧化也会发生。

Calcitriol /(1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D)/ is hydroxylated to 1,24,25-(OH)3-D by a renal hydroxylase that is induced by calcitriol and suppressed by those factors that stimulate the 25-OHD-1-alpha-hydroxylase. This enzyme also hydroxylates 25-OHD to form 24,25-(OH)2D. Both 24-hydroxylated compounds are less active than calcitriol and presumably represent metabolites destined for excretion. Side chain oxidation of calcitriol also occurs.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

代谢

为了评估每日和禁食状态下尿钙排泄与血清1,25-二羟基维生素D（II）浓度之间的关系，对6名健康男性进行了研究，包括对照期和慢性口服钙三醇（I）给药期（每6小时0.6、1.2或1.8纳米摩尔，持续6-12天），同时他们食用正常和低钙饮食（19.2或4.2毫摩尔/天钙）。每日尿钙排泄与血清II浓度直接相关，但在食用正常钙饮食时增加更多，而在食用低钙饮食时增加较少。在I给药和摄入低钙饮食期间，每日尿钙排泄平均为7.32毫摩尔/天，超过了饮食中钙的摄入量。无论哪种饮食，禁食尿钙/肌酐都超过了0.34毫摩尔/毫摩尔（正常上限）。当血清II浓度升高时，即使在低钙饮食下，高禁食尿钙/肌酐或高每日尿钙排泄也不能作为诊断肾钙漏的充分标准。

To evaluate the relation between daily and fasting urinary calcium excretion and serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (II) concentrations, 6 healthy men were studied during control and during chronic oral calcitrol (I) administration (0.6, 1.2, or 1.8 nmols every 6 hours for 6-12 days) while they ate normal and low calcium diets (19.2 or 4.2 mmols Ca/day). Daily urinary calcium excretion was directly related to serum II concentrations, but increased more while subjects ate the normal calcium diet than when eating the low calcium diet. During I and ingestion of the low calcium diet, daily urinary calcium excretion averaged 7.32 mmole/day, exceeding the dietary calcium intake. Fasting urinary calcium/creatinine exceeded 0.34 mmol/mmol (the upper limit of normal) on either diet. When serum II concentrations are elevated, a high fasting urinary calcium/creatinine or high daily urinary calcium excretion, even on a low calcium diet, is insufficient criteria for the documentation of a renal calcium leak.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 在妊娠和哺乳期间的影响

哺乳期使用概述：钙三醇是维生素D的正常生理活性形式，即1,25-二羟基维生素D。一些患有低钙血症的妇女在哺乳期间成功进行了哺乳，血清钙水平有时会波动。有限的数据表明，哺乳母亲在适当调整剂量下使用，不会影响哺乳婴儿。如果母亲需要钙三醇，这不是停止哺乳的理由。在患有低甲状旁腺功能的女性中，哺乳期间钙三醇和钙的剂量需求通常会降低。 对哺乳婴儿的影响：一名患有低甲状旁腺功能的妇女在服用钙三醇的情况下，从产后第1周到第32周对婴儿进行了哺乳。初始剂量为每天0.5微克，但在8周后降至每天0.25微克。婴儿在哺乳期间茁壮成长，在1周、3周和3个月大时血清钙水平正常。 一名妇女在服用钙三醇，剂量为每天0.75和1微克的情况下，在两次怀孕后对婴儿进行了哺乳。没有不良反应的报告。 一名妇女在服用钙三醇，剂量为每天三次，每次0.5微克的情况下，对新生儿进行了9天的哺乳。由于高钙血症，钙三醇在那时停止使用，但在产后40天重新开始使用低剂量，逐渐增加，直到在哺乳结束前12.5个月达到产前剂量1.5微克/天。 一名患有盘状红斑狼疮的妇女每隔两天服用钙三醇0.25微克，并同期服用其他几种药物。她的婴儿被哺乳了12个月，并在15个月大时进行了随访。在哺乳期间没有报告不良反应，婴儿在15个月大时生长和发育正常。 一名患有常染色体显性低甲状旁腺病1型的哺乳母亲在产后8个月接受特立帕肽治疗，然后改为每天两次服用钙三醇0.5微克。她为婴儿进行了6个月的纯母乳喂养，然后补充到1年。当开始服用母体钙三醇时，她的婴儿血清钙没有变化。母亲在11个月大时开始断奶，1岁时断奶完成。1.5岁时生长和发育正常。 对哺乳和母乳的影响：截至修订日期，未找到相关已发布信息。

◉ Summary of Use during Lactation:Calcitriol is the normal physiologically active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. Several women with hyocalcemia have successfully breastfed during breastfeeding, with sometimes fluctuating serum calcium levels. Limited data indicate that its use in nursing mothers in appropriately adjusted doses does not affect the breastfed infant. If calcitriol is required by the mother, it is not a reason to discontinue breastfeeding. Calcitriol and calcium dosage requirements are usually reduced during lactation in women with hypoparathyroidism. ◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants:A woman with hypoparathyroidism breastfed her infant from week 1 to week 32 postpartum while taking calcitriol. The dose was initially 0.5 mcg daily, but was decreased to 0.25 mcg daily after 8 weeks. The infant thrived during breastfeeding and had normal serum calcium levels at 1 and 3 weeks and 3 months of age. A woman breastfed infants after two pregnancies while taking calcitriol in doses of 0.75 and 1 mcg daily. There were no reports of adverse reactions. A woman breastfed her newborn infant for 9 days while taking calcitriol 0.5 mcg three times daily. Calcitriol was stopped at that time because of hypercalcemia, but restarted at 40 days postpartum in low doses that were gradually increased until the prepregnancy dosage of 1.5 mcg daily was reached just before weaning at 12.5 months postpartum. A woman with discoid lupus was taking calcitriol 0.25 mcg every 2 days and several other medications concurrently. Her infant was breastfed for 12 months and followed up at 15 months of age. No adverse effects were reported during breastfeeding and the infant was growing and developing normally at 15 months of age. A nursing mother with autosomal dominant hypoparathyroidism type 1 was treated with teriparatide for 8 months postpartum then calcitriol 0.5 mcg twice daily was substituted. She breastfed her infant exclusively for 6 months then with supplementation to 1 year. Her infant had no change in serum calcium when maternal calcitriol was begun. The mother began weaning at 11 months and at 1 year of age weaning was complete. Growth and development were normal at 1.5 years of age. ◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk:Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.

来源:Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed)

毒理性

• 相互作用

皮质类固醇抵消维生素D类似物的作用。/维生素D类似物/

Corticosteroids counteract the effects of vitamin D analogs. /Vitamin D analogs/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 相互作用

在伴有低甲状旁腺功能的病人中，噻嗪类利尿剂和药理剂量的维生素D类似物的并发使用可能会导致高钙血症，这种情况可能是暂时的和自限性的，或者可能需要停止使用维生素D类似物。低甲状旁腺病人中由噻嗪类引起的高钙血症可能是由于骨骼中钙的释放增加。/维生素D类似物/

Concurrent administration of thiazide diuretics and pharmacologic doses of vitamin D analogs in patients with hypoparathyroidism may result in hypercalcemia which may be transient and self-limited or may require discontinuance of vitamin D analogs. Thiazide-induced hypercalcemia in hypoparathyroid patients is probably caused by increased release of calcium from bone. /Vitamin D analogs/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 相互作用

过量使用矿物油可能会干扰肠道对维生素D类似物的吸收。/维生素D类似物/

Excessive use of mineral oil may interfere with intestinal absorption of vitamin D analogs. /Vitamin D analogs/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 相互作用

奥利司他可能会导致脂肪溶性维生素，如维生素D类似物的胃肠道吸收减少。在任何奥利司他剂量和维生素D类似物给药之间（之前或之后）至少应间隔2小时。/维生素D类似物/

Orlistat may result in decreased GI absorption of fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamin D analogs. At least 2 hours should elapse between (before or after) any orlistat dose and vitamin D analog administration ... . /Vitamin D analogs/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

许多维生素D类似物在口服给药后，如果脂肪吸收正常，很容易从胃肠道吸收。胆汁的存在是吸收麦角钙化醇所必需的，患有肝脏、胆道或胃肠道疾病（例如，克罗恩病、惠普尔病、乳糜泻）的患者的胃肠道吸收程度可能会降低。因为维生素D是脂溶性的，它被并入乳糜微粒并通过淋巴系统吸收；大约80%摄入的维生素D似乎是通过这种机制被系统吸收的，主要在小肠。尽管一些证据表明，老年成人的肠道对维生素D的吸收可能降低，但其他证据并未显示在治疗剂量下，维生素D的胃肠道吸收有临床重要的年龄相关变化。目前尚不清楚老化是否改变生理剂量的维生素D的胃肠道吸收。/维生素D类似物/

Many vitamin D analogs are readily absorbed from the GI tract following oral administration if fat absorption is normal. The presence of bile is required for absorption of ergocalciferol and the extent of GI absorption may be decreased in patients with hepatic, biliary, or GI disease (e.g., Crohn's disease, Whipple's disease, sprue). Because vitamin D is fat soluble, it is incorporated into chylomicrons and absorbed via the lymphatic system; approximately 80% of ingested vitamin D appears to be absorbed systemically through this mechanism, principally in the small intestine. Although some evidence suggested that intestinal absorption of vitamin D may be decreased in geriatric adults, other evidence did not show clinically important age-related alterations in GI absorption of the vitamin in therapeutic doses. It currently is not known whether aging alters the GI absorption of physiologic amounts of vitamin D. /Vitamin D analogs/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

口服卡利三醇后，在大约2小时后，消化道中的钙吸收才会增加。最大升高血钙效果在大约10小时出现，卡利三醇的作用持续时间为3-5天。

After oral administration of calcitriol, there is about a 2-hour lag-time before calcium absorption in the GI tract increases. Maximal hypercalcemic effect occurs in about 10 hours, and the duration of action of calcitriol is 3-5 days.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

达到峰值血清浓度的时间：口服：大约3到6小时。

Time to peak serum concentration: Oral: Approximately 3 to 6 hours.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

维生素D的主要排泄途径是胆汁；只有很小一部分摄入剂量会出现在尿液中。

The primary route of excretion of vitamin D is the bile; only a small percentage of an administered dose is found in urine. /Vitamin D/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

制备方法与用途

生物活性方面，Calcitriol Impurities A 是 Calcitriol 的一种杂质。Calcitriol 是维生素 D3 的活性代谢物，能够激活维生素 D 受体。

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  (1S),3(R)-9,10-secocholesta-5(E),7(E),10(19)-triene-1,3,25-triol 在 9-乙酰基蒽 作用下， 以 乙醇 为溶剂， 以78%的产率得到骨化三醇
  参考文献：
  名称：

  25-羟基维生素D3和1α，25-二羟基维生素D3及其同位素内标化合物的制备方法

  摘要：

  本发明公开了一种25‑羟基维生素D3和1α，25‑二羟基维生素D3及其同位素标记内标物化合物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：化合物III经SO2共轭保护，O3氧化，NaBH4还原，碘代开环，与丙烯酸酯共轭加成，与甲基格式试剂或同位素标记甲基格式试剂反应，在TBAF作用下脱去硅保护基，在9‑乙酰基蒽催化下经紫外照射构型翻转得到产物。该方法反应选择性好、总收率高、操作简便，且同位素引入步骤短，同位素利用率大幅度提高。

  公开号：

  CN111518006A
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  在 咪唑 、 nickel(II) chloride hexahydrate 、 四丁基氟化铵 、 碘 、 三苯基膦 、 锌 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 吡啶 、 二氯甲烷 为溶剂， 反应 58.0h， 生成 (1S),3(R)-9,10-secocholesta-5(E),7(E),10(19)-triene-1,3,25-triol
  参考文献：
  名称：

  25-羟基维生素D3和1α，25-二羟基维生素D3及其同位素内标化合物的制备方法

  摘要：

  本发明公开了一种25‑羟基维生素D3和1α，25‑二羟基维生素D3及其同位素标记内标物化合物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：化合物III经SO2共轭保护，O3氧化，NaBH4还原，碘代开环，与丙烯酸酯共轭加成，与甲基格式试剂或同位素标记甲基格式试剂反应，在TBAF作用下脱去硅保护基，在9‑乙酰基蒽催化下经紫外照射构型翻转得到产物。该方法反应选择性好、总收率高、操作简便，且同位素引入步骤短，同位素利用率大幅度提高。

  公开号：

  CN111518006A

文献信息

• [EN] COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR THE TREATMENT OF NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES<br/>[FR] COMPOSITIONS ET PROCÉDÉS POUR LE TRAITEMENT DE MALADIES NEUROLOGIQUES
  申请人：CELLIX BIO PRIVATE LTD

  公开号：WO2019186357A1

  公开（公告）日：2019-10-03

  The invention relates to the compounds or its pharmaceutical acceptable polymorphs, solvates, enantiomers, stereoisomers and hydrates thereof. The pharmaceutical compositions comprising an effective amount of compounds of formula I, formula II and formula III and the methods for the treatment of neurological diseases may be formulated for oral, buccal, rectal, topical, transdermal, transmucosal, lozenge, spray, intravenous, oral solution, nasal spray, oral solution, suspension, oral spray, buccal mucosal layer tablet, parenteral administration, syrup, or injection. Such compositions may be used to treatment of neurological diseases.

  该发明涉及化合物或其药用可接受的多型体、溶剂合物、对映体、立体异构体及其水合物。包括化合物I、化合物II和化合物III的有效量的药物组合物，以及用于治疗神经系统疾病的方法可以制成口服、颊下、直肠、局部、经皮、经粘膜、含片、喷雾、静脉注射、口服溶液、鼻喷雾、口服溶液、悬浮液、口腔喷雾、颊下粘膜层片剂、肠外给药、糖浆或注射剂。这些组合物可用于治疗神经系统疾病。
• [EN] COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR THE TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES AND CANCER<br/>[FR] COMPOSITIONS ET PROCÉDÉS POUR LE TRAITEMENT DE MALADIES DE LA PEAU INFLAMMATOIRES ET DU CANCER
  申请人：CELLIX BIO PRIVATE LTD

  公开号：WO2019243970A1

  公开（公告）日：2019-12-26

  The invention relates to the compounds or its pharmaceutical acceptable polymorphs, solvates, enantiomers, stereoisomers and hydrates thereof. The pharmaceutical compositions comprising an effective amount of compounds of formula I, formula II formula III, formula IV, formula V, formula VI, formula VII, and formula VIII and the methods for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases and cancer may be formulated for oral, buccal, rectal, topical, transdermal, transmucosal, lozenge, spray, intravenous, oral solution, nasal spray, oral solution, suspension, oral spray, buccal mucosal layer tablet, parenteral administration, syrup, or injection. Such compositions may be used to treatment of facial hirsutism, GI Polyps, rosacea, acne, melanoma, psoriasis, dermatitis and cancer including gliomas, gastrointestinal polyps, anaplastic astrocytoma and metastatic cancers.

  本发明涉及化合物及其药学上可接受的多晶形、溶剂化物、对映体、立体异构体和水合物。其中，化合物包括公式I、公式II、公式III、公式IV、公式V、公式VI、公式VII和公式VIII。制备这些化合物的药物组合物可用于口服、颊粘膜、肛门、局部、经皮、经黏膜、含片、喷雾、静脉注射、口服溶液、鼻喷雾、口服悬浮液、口腔喷雾、颊粘膜层片剂、肌肉注射、糖浆或注射剂等途径治疗炎症性皮肤病和癌症。这些组合物可用于治疗面部多毛症、胃肠息肉、酒渣鼻、痤疮、黑色素瘤、牛皮癣、皮炎以及包括胶质瘤、胃肠息肉、间变性星形细胞瘤和转移性癌症在内的癌症。
• Revisiting the 7,8-cis-vitamin D3 derivatives: synthesis, evaluating the biological activity, and study of the binding configuration
  作者：Daisuke Sawada、Shinji Kakuda、Midori Kamimura-Takimoto、Akiko Takeuchi、Yotaro Matsumoto、Atsushi Kittaka

  DOI：10.1016/j.tet.2016.03.081

  日期：2016.6

  disclosed that 14-epi-19-nortachysterol showed the unprecedented binding configuration in human vitamin D receptor (hVDR), that is, 5,6- and 7,8-s-trans configuration. However, this configuration is variable because of the rotation at the single bond between C7 and C8. For the precise discussion of the 7,8-s-trans configuration, we designed and synthesized the 7,8-cis-locked skeleton of vitamin D3 derivatives

  四-7,8-顺式-1α，25-二羟基维生素d 3个衍生物，7,8-顺-和7,8-顺式-14-外延1α，25-二羟基-19-去甲维生素d 3以及7,8合成了-顺式和7,8-顺式-14 - epi -1α，25-二羟基维生素D 3，并对其化学稳定性进行了表征。在我们以前的工作中，我们透露，14-外延-19-nortachysterol显示，人体维生素d受体（hVDR），也就是5,6-和7,8-前所未有的绑定配置小号-反式组态。但是，由于在C7和C8之间的单键处旋转，因此此配置可变。对于-7,8-的精确讨论小号-反式构型，我们设计并合成的7,8-顺式维生素d -locked骨架3层的衍生物。在四个类似物中，19-nor衍生物在环境温度下稳定，并研究了它们的hVDR结合亲和力和hVDR复合物的共晶体分析。具有三烯系统的其他衍生物被异构化为相应的维生素原D 3和维生素D 3。
• FMO3 inhibitors for treating pain
  申请人：Akron Molecules GmbH

  公开号：EP2674161A1

  公开（公告）日：2013-12-18

  The present invention relates to new therapies to treat pain and related diseases, as well as pharmaceutical compounds for use in said therapies.

  本发明涉及治疗疼痛和相关疾病的新疗法，以及用于上述疗法的药物化合物。
• Method for utilizing engineered dendritic cells to induce gut-homing regulatory T cells and treat gut inflammation
  申请人：Loma Linda University

  公开号：US10577669B2

  公开（公告）日：2020-03-03

  Gene-modified, lymphoid-tissue-homing dendritic cells that comprise a 1-alpha-hydroxylase gene and a retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene, where the 1-alpha-hydroxylase gene is expressed to produce functional 1-alpha-hydroxylase enzyme and the retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene is expressed to produce functional retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene enzyme. A method for treating one or more than one inflammation-related condition or disease, the method comprising administering gene-modified, lymphoid-tissue-homing dendritic cells that comprise a 1-alpha-hydroxylase gene and a retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene, where the 1-alpha-hydroxylase gene is expressed to produce functional 1-alpha-hydroxylase enzyme and the retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene is expressed to produce functional retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene enzyme.

  基因修饰的淋巴组织归巢树突状细胞，包含 1-α-羟化酶基因和视黄醛脱氢酶 2 基因，其中 1-α-羟化酶基因表达以产生功能性 1-α-羟化酶酶，视黄醛脱氢酶 2 基因表达以产生功能性视黄醛脱氢酶 2 基因酶。一种治疗一种或一种以上与炎症有关的病症或疾病的方法，该方法包括给药基因修饰的、淋巴组织归属的树突状细胞，该树突状细胞包含1-α-羟化酶基因和视黄醛脱氢酶2基因，其中1-α-羟化酶基因表达以产生功能性1-α-羟化酶酶，视黄醛脱氢酶2基因表达以产生功能性视黄醛脱氢酶2基因酶。