Novel amphiphilic calix[4]resorcinarenes oxyethylated at the upper rim and alkylated at the lower rim (CR–CnH2n+1, here n is the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl substituent; n = 2,5,7,8,9,11) were synthesized, and their association behavior in water-organic solvents was explored. Surface properties and the association behavior of CRs were shown to be strongly controlled by their structure and the nature of the co-solvent. Solely CR–C5H11 demonstrates surface activity in the mixed water–DMF and water–DMSO solutions, while no surface activity occurs in the water–THF mixture. The DLS measurements revealed a very low concentration threshold of the aggregation (around 0.01 mM) for the CR series including surface inactive compounds. In water–DMF and water–DMSO solutions the CRs of low hydrophobicity were shown to associate through an open model with the formation of large aggregates of 300–400 nm, while more hydrophobic CRs can associate through a closed model and form rather small micelle-like aggregates of 10 to 20 nm.
新型两亲性冠[4]
间苯二酚环氧乙烷上缘和烷基化下缘(CR-CnH2n+1,其中n是烷基取代基中的碳原子数;n = 2、5、7、8、9、11)被合成,并且在
水和有机溶剂中的自组装行为被探究。CR的表面性质和自组装行为被证明受到其结构和共溶剂性质的强烈控制。仅CR-
C5H11在
水-
DMF和
水-
DMSO混合溶液中表现出表面活性,而在
水-THF混合物中没有表面活性。DLS测量揭示了CR系列(包括表面不活泼的化合物)的聚集浓度阈值非常低(大约0.01 mM)。在
水-
DMF和
水-
DMSO溶液中,低亲
水性的CR通过开放模型自组装形成300-400 nm的大聚集体,而更亲
水的CR则可以通过封闭模型自组装形成10至20 nm的相当小的类胶束聚集体。