propanoate | 72-03-7

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机酸及其衍生物 - 羧酸及其衍生物
• 英文名称: propanoate
• 英文别名: Propionate；propionate ion；propionic acid anion；propionate anion；propanoate (ester)
• CAS: 72-03-7
• 化学式: C₃H₅O₂
• 分子量: 73.0715
• InChiKey: XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M

物化性质

• 熔点：
  218 °C (decomp)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  0.9
• 重原子数：
  5
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.67
• 拓扑面积：
  40.1
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  propanoate 在 一氧化碳 、 百草枯 作用下， 以 水 为溶剂， 生成 丙醇
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Simon, Helmut; White, Hiltrud; Lebertz, Herbert, Angewandte Chemie, 1987, vol. 99, # 8, p. 785 - 787

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  丙酸 在 sodium hydroxide 作用下， 以 乙醇 、 水 为溶剂， 反应 0.42h， 生成 propanoate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Lactones. 2. Enthalpies of hydrolysis, reduction, and formation of the C4-C13 monocyclic lactones. Strain energies and conformations

  摘要：

  The enthalpies of hydrolysis of the monocyclic lactones from gamma-butyrolactone to tridecanolactone were determined calorimetrically, and the acyclic ethyl esters having the same number of atoms were studied in the same fashion. The enthalpies of reduction of the lactones to the corresponding alpha,omega-alkanediols with lithium triethylborohydride also were determined. The enthalpies of formation of the lactones and the ethyl esters were derived from these data. They were converted to values for the gas phase by measuring the enthalpies of vaporization of ethyl esters and of lactones. In the cases of gamma-butyrolactone and delta-valerolactone, the enthalpies of formation were in good accord with the previously reported values determined via combustion calorimetry. The strain energies of the lactones were obtained via isodesmic reactions. Valerolactone had a strain energy of 11 kcal/mol, and the largest strain energy was found with octanolactone (13 kcal/mol). The conformations of gamma-butyrolactone and delta-valerolactone were studied via MP2/6-31G* geometry optimizations, and the conformations of the other lactones were studied with use of the molecular mechanics program MM3. The energies of the lactones estimated via molecular mechanics were compared with the experimental results.

  DOI：

  10.1021/ja00020a036
• 作为试剂：
  描述：

  4-羟基苯乙烯 在 propanoate 作用下， 以 aq. phosphate buffer 为溶剂， 以74%的产率得到
  参考文献：
  名称：

  合理的Active-Site重新设计可将脱羧酶转化为C = C水合酶：“束缚的乙酸酯”支持4-羟基苯乙烯的对映选择性水合。

  摘要：

  来自肠杆菌属的阿魏酸脱羧酶催化的4-羟基苯乙烯的混杂区域和立体选择性水合。（FDC_Es）依赖于结合在活性位点上的碳酸氢盐，碳酸氢盐用作质子继电器，激活水分子以对甲基苯醌亲电子试剂进行亲核攻击。该“辅因子”对于实现（S）-构型的苯甲醇产品的改进的转化率和高的立体选择性至关重要。用简单的脂肪族羧酸作为添加剂观察到类似的效果。通过用来自相邻氨基酸的新引入的侧链羧酸盐代替碳酸氢盐或乙酸盐“辅因子”，对活性位点进行合理的重新设计，可产生有效充当C = C水合酶的突变体。

  DOI：

  10.1021/acscatal.7b04293

文献信息

• Nitrous Oxide as a Hydrogen Acceptor for the Dehydrogenative Coupling of Alcohols
  作者：Thomas L. Gianetti、Samuel P. Annen、Gustavo Santiso-Quinones、Markus Reiher、Matthias Driess、Hansjörg Grützmacher

  DOI：10.1002/anie.201509288

  日期：2016.1.26

  The oxidation of alcohols with N2O as the hydrogen acceptor was achieved with low catalyst loadings of a rhodium complex that features a cooperative bis(olefin)amido ligand under mild conditions. Two different methods enable the formation of either the corresponding carboxylic acid or the ester. N2 and water are the only by‐products. Mechanistic studies supported by DFT calculations suggest that the

  在温和的条件下，以配合物双（烯烃）酰胺基配体为特征的铑配合物的低催化剂负载量，可以实现以N 2 O为氢受体的醇的氧化。两种不同的方法可以形成相应的羧酸或酯。N 2和水是唯一的副产物。DFT计算支持的机理研究表明，N 2 O的氧原子通过插入铑氨基氢化物的Rh-H键中而转移到金属中心，从而生成铑羟基络合物作为关键中间体。
• Fluorescent monitoring of the reaction kinetics of nonfluorescent molecules enabled by a fluorescent receptor
  作者：Lin-Ming Bai、Hang Zhou、Wei-Er Liu、Hongxin Chai、Liu-Pan Yang、Wei Yan、Wen Zhang、Hong-Hui Yang、Wei Jiang

  DOI：10.1039/c9cc00762h

  日期：——

  A facile fluorescent method was developed to quantitatively monitor the hydrolysis kinetics of nonfluorescent esters by using a fluorecent endo-functionalized molecular tube and its recognition ability towards small polar molecules in water. It is possible to determine the apparent rate constants and study the structure–activity relationship.

  通过使用荧光内官能化分子管及其对水中小极性分子的识别能力，开发了一种简便的荧光方法来定量监测非荧光酯的水解动力学。确定表观速率常数并研究结构-活性关系是可能的。
• Temperature-dependent rate constants for hydroxyl radical reactions with organic compounds in aqueous solutions
  作者：B. Ervens、S. Gligorovski、H. Herrmann

  DOI：10.1039/b300072a

  日期：2003.4.16

  The OH radical is the most important oxidant in both the tropospheric gas and aqueous phase. Its main sink processes in clouds appear to be reactions with organics but due to the lack of appropriate kinetic data current cloud chemistry models consider only reactions with C1 and C2 compounds. Therefore, in this study temperature dependent rate constants for the reactions of the OH radical with organic

  OH 自由基是对流层气相和水相中最重要的氧化剂。它在云中的主要汇过程似乎是与有机物的反应，但由于缺乏适当的动力学数据，当前的云化学模型仅考虑与 C1 和 C2 化合物的反应。因此，在本研究中，确定了 OH 自由基与有机化合物 (≥C2) 反应的温度相关速率常数。这些研究是通过竞争动力学（参考物质：SCN-）进行的。最初，检查实验系统，重新研究可从文献中获得的与甲酸盐 (R-1) 和叔丁醇 (R-2) 反应的 OH 反应动力学数据。对于反应(R-1)和(R-2)，得到以下结果：k1(298 K)=(2.4±0.4)×109 M-1 s-1；A1=(7.9±0.7)×1010 M-1 s-1；EA,1=(9±5) kJ mol-1 和 k2(298 K)=(5.0±0)。6)×108 M-1 s-1；A2=(3.3±0.1)×1010 M-1 s-1；EA,2=(10±3) kJ mol-1 分别用于甲酸盐和叔丁醇。OH
• Azide Groups in Higher Oxidation State Manganese Cluster Chemistry: From Structural Aesthetics to Single-Molecule Magnets
  作者：Theocharis C. Stamatatos、George Christou

  DOI：10.1021/ic801217j

  日期：2009.4.20

  long-established areas, manganese/oxo coordination cluster chemistry involving the higher MnII/MnIV oxidation states and transition-metal azide (N3−) chemistry. The combination of azide and alkoxide- or carboxylate-containing ligands in Mn chemistry has led to a variety of new polynuclear clusters, high-spin molecules, and single-molecule magnets, with metal nuclearities ranging from Mn4 to Mn32 and with

  这个论坛文章概述了最近的两个长既定地区，锰/氧代涉及更高的Mn协调集群化学融合II / Mn为IV氧化态和过渡金属叠氮化物（N 3 - ）的化学反应。锰化学中叠氮化物和含醇盐或羧酸盐的配体的组合导致了许多新的多核簇，高自旋分子和单分子磁体，其金属核范围从Mn 4到Mn 32，并且具有状态自旋值一样大的小号= 83 / 2。将有机桥接/螯合配位体是分别论述为如下：（i）吡啶基醇盐[2-（羟甲基）吡啶（哼），2,6- pyridinedimethanol的阴离子（pdmH 2），和宝石的二醇二-形式2-吡啶基酮（dpkdH 2）]；（ii）非吡啶基醇盐[1,1,1-三（羟甲基）乙烷（thmeH 3），三乙醇胺（teaH 3）和N-甲基二乙醇胺（mdaH 2）的阴离子]；（iii）其他醇类[2,6-二羟甲基-4-甲基苯酚（LH 3）和席夫碱]；（iv）吡啶基一肟/二肟[甲基-2-吡啶基酮肟（mp
• Tin oxide surfaces. Part 11.—Infrared study of the chemisorption of ketones on tin(IV) oxide
  作者：Phillip G. Harrison、Barry M. Maunders

  DOI：10.1039/f19848001329

  日期：——

  Infrared spectroscopy has been employed to study the chemisorption of a number of unsymmetrical ketones, RCOMe [R = C3H7, C2H5, (CH3)2CH, (CH3)3C, Ph], onto tin(IV) oxide. In every case, the final product was the surface carboxylate, RCO–2(ads). The data suggested a mechanism involving initial coordination of the ketone to a surface tin site, followed by nucleophilic attack of a neighbouring hydroxyl

  红外光谱已用于研究许多不对称酮RCOMe [R = C 3 H 7，C 2 H 5，（CH 3）2 CH，（CH 3）3 C，Ph]的化学吸附到锡（IV）氧化物。在每种情况下，最终产品都是表面羧酸盐RCO – 2（ads）。数据表明了一种机制，该机制涉及酮与表面锡位点的初始配位，然后是羰基碳原子上相邻羟基的亲核攻击。