A prodrug utilizes an enzyme whose enzymatic activity is different in between the target site of the drug and the site to express side effects, the prodrug having a substituent cleavable with the enzyme and being activated by cleaving the substituent with the enzyme. As the target site of the drug, for example, a respiratory organ can be mentioned and as the site to express side effects, for example, the heart can be mentioned. As the example of the drug, a bronchodilator can be mentioned and as the example of the enzyme, a glycosidase (for example, β-glucuronidase) can be mentioned. Furthermore, the substituent is, for example, a glycosyl group composed of a monosaccharide or an oligosaccharide. Use of the enzyme enables reducing the side effects of a drug of the type whose target site is different from the site to express side effects.
一种前药利用一种酶,该酶的酶活性在药物的靶点和表达副作用的部位之间不同,该前药具有可被酶
水解的取代基,并通过酶
水解取代基而被激活。例如,药物的靶点可以是呼吸器官,表达副作用的部位可以是心脏。药物的例子可以是支气管扩张剂,酶的例子可以是糖苷酶(例如β-
葡萄糖醛酸酶)。此外,取代基可以是由
单糖或
寡糖组成的糖基团。使用酶可以减少靶点与表达副作用部位不同类型药物的副作用。