Design, synthesis, theoretical calculations and biological evaluation of new non-symmetrical choline kinase inhibitors
摘要:
Inhibition of Choline Kinase (ChoK) has been reported as a therapeutical target in the treatment of some kinds of tumor. In this paper, the design and synthesis of new non-symmetrical monocationic ChoK inhibitors is described, bearing a cationic head and an adenine moiety connected by linkers of different lengths. Docking studies indicate that the cationic head of these compounds could be inserted into the choline binding site of the enzyme, while the adenine moiety could be stabilized into the ATP binding site. Docking studies also support the difference of activity of the synthesized compounds, which depends on both the substituent at position 4 of the cationic head and the linker length, being dimethylamine and 1,4-diphenylbutane respectively, the most appropriate ones. Compounds 14 (IC50 = 10.70 +/- 0.40 mu M) and 17 (IC50 = 6.21 +/- 0.97 mu M) are the most potent ChoK inhibitors and suitable for further modification with a view to obtain more potent antitumor compounds. (C) 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Antiproliferative Activity, Cell Cycle, and Apoptosis Studies of a Series of 6-Substituted 9<i>H</i>-Purin-9-yl-pyridinium Derivatives on a Human Cervical Carcinoma Cell Line
Better by benzylthio: A series of 6‐substituted 9H‐purin‐9‐yl‐pyridinium derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for their antitumor activity. Compounds included in this study elicit variations in cell‐cycle progression and an increase of apoptotic cells in a caspase‐3‐dependent process.
Identification of novel and selective anticancer agents remains an important and challenging goal in pharmacological research. Choline kinase (ChoK) is the first enzyme in the CDP-choline pathway that synthesizes phosphatidylcholine (PC), the major phospholipid in eukaryotic cell membranes. In the present paper, a new family of non-symmetrical monocationic compounds is developed including a 3-aminophenol moiety, bound to 4-(dimethylamino)- or 4-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pyridinium cationic heads through several linkers. The most promising compounds in these series as ChoK inhibitors are 3f and 4f, while compounds 3c, 3d and 4c are the better antiproliferative agents. The analysis of the biological data observed in the described series of compounds mays represents a platform for the design of more active molecules. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Discovery of a New Binding Site on Human Choline Kinase α1: Design, Synthesis, Crystallographic Studies, and Biological Evaluation of Asymmetrical Bispyridinium Derivatives
Human choline kinase alpha (CK alpha) is a validated drug target for the treatment of cancer. In recent years, a large number of CK inhibitors have been synthesized, and one of them is currently being evaluated in Phase I clinical trials as a treatment for solid tumors. Here we have evaluated a new series of asymmetrical biscationic CK inhibitors by means of enzymatic, crystallographic, and antitumor studies. We demonstrate that one of these structures adopts a completely new binding mode not observed before inducing the aperture of an adjacent binding site. This compound shows antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on cancer cells through activation of caspase-3. Therefore, this study not only provides fruitful insights into the design of more efficient compounds that may target different regions in CK alpha 1 but also explains how these compounds induce apoptosis in cancer cells.