申请人:THE STANDARD OIL COMPANY
公开号:EP0072231A1
公开(公告)日:1983-02-16
A process for dimerizing acrylonitrile to produce adiponitrile and/or 1,4-dicyanobutenes comprises contacting acrylonitrile with a catalyst at a temperature of 20 to 250 °C in the presence of hydrogen, said catalyst comprising a polymer support having a ruthenium complex bonded thereto, said polymer support comprising an organic polymer backbone having trivalent pendant atoms selected from P, As, Sb, Bi and N covalently bonded thereto and randomly distributed in said polymer, said ruthenium complex being capable of catalyzing the dimerization of acrylonitrile to adiponitrile and/or 1,4-dicyanobutenes and comprising Ru and at least two homogeneous ligands having at least four ligating bonds bonding to said Ru, the Ru in each ruthenium complex datively bonding to a pendant atom in said polymer support, the Ru/pendant atom ratio in said catalyst being at least 0.001, said complex having on the average no more than one homogeneous phosphine ligand per atom of ruthenium.
Preferred ruthenium complexes are those which are substantially free of homogeneous phosphine ligands. The organic polymer support can be a terpolymer of 2-20% divinyl benzene, 0.4 to 6% para-diphenylphosphenostyrene and the balance styrene.
一种使丙烯腈二聚生成己二腈和/或 1,4-二氰基丁烯的工艺,包括在氢气存在下,使丙烯腈在 20 至 250 °C 的温度下与催化剂接触,所述催化剂包括聚合物载体,其上键合有钌络合物,所述聚合物载体包括有机聚合物骨架,其上具有选自 P、As、Sb、001 所述钌络合物能够催化丙烯腈向己二腈和/或 1,4-二氰基丁烯的二聚反应,该钌络合物包括 Ru 和至少两种均匀配体,所述均匀配体至少有四个配位键与所述 Ru 键合,每个钌络合物中的 Ru 与所述聚合物载体中的一个垂原子配位键合,所述催化剂中的 Ru/垂原子比至少为 0.001,所述络合物中每个钌原子平均具有不超过一个均相膦配体。
首选的钌络合物是基本上不含均相膦配体的钌络合物。有机聚合物支架可以是 2-20%二乙烯基苯、0.4-6%对二苯磷苯乙烯和其余苯乙烯的三元共聚物。