Intermolecular Asymmetric Reductive Aldol Reaction of Ketones as Acceptors Promoted by Chiral Rh(Phebox) Catalyst
摘要:
The conjugate reduction of cinnamates with hydrosilane and chiral Rh(Phebox-ip) catalyst in the presence of excess acetone is shown to provide the corresponding intermolecular reductive aldol product in extremely high enantioselectivity (up to 98%). Several cinnamates and crotonate substrates and several ketone acceptors were also examined.
ANTIPROLIFERATIVE COMPOUNDS, CONJUGATES THEREOF, METHODS THEREFOR, AND USES THEREOF
申请人:Cheng Heng
公开号:US20110027274A1
公开(公告)日:2011-02-03
Antiproliferative compounds having a structure represented by formula (II), where n, R
1
, R
2
, R
3
, R
4
, and R
5
are as defined herein, can be used to treat tumors, optionally when conjugated to a ligand such as an antibody:
Relationship between substrate Structure and enantioselectivity is studied for the asymmetric hydrogenation of 42 different (E)-alpha, beta-disubstituted acrylic acids (propenoic acids) over cinchonidine-modified Pd/C. The beta-phenyl group is indispensable for high enantioselectivity of alpha-phenylcinnamic acid (2,3-diphenylpropenoic acid, 81% ee), and substitution on this group affects markedly the selectivity. The high ee up to 92% was achieved by the beta-p-alkoxyphenyl substitution, and the selectivity is ascribed mainly to stronger interaction of the substrate with the chiral modifier on the catalyst surface. In contrast, substitution on the alpha-phenyl group does not affect notably the enantioselectivity (80-82% ee) or even the alpha-phenyl group itself is not indispensable but replaceable with a properly bulky group for the high enantioselectivity, (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.