Photophthalimidation of unactivated double bonds. Synthesis of protected phenethylamines
作者:Rafael Suau、Rafael García-Segura、Cristóbal Sánchez、Ana María Pedraza
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4039(99)00103-3
日期:1999.3
At low hydroxide ion concentrations, the photoaddition of phthalimide to cyclohexene, indene or styrene derivatives takes place. The cation radical obtained in the electron transfer from the alkene to excited phthalimide is trapped by phthalimide anion. At high hydroxide ion concentrations concerted [2+2] cycloaddition occurs that yields benzazepinediones, whatever the ionization potential of the alkene
Benzylphthalimide analogs (P1P's) and phenethylphthalimide analogs (P2P's) have been found to exhibit thalidomide-like activity on the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α by the human leukemia cell line, HL-60, stimulated by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Structure-activity relationships are discussed on the basis of the TNF-α production-enhancing activity. Benzylphthalimide (P1P-00) exhibited activity which is weaker than that of thalidomide, but introduction of a methyl group at the ortho-position of the benzyl moiety (P1P-10) resulted an increase to a level comparable with that of thalidomide. Phenethylphthalimide (P2P-00) is more potent than thalidomide, and its fluorinated derivative, 2-phenethyl-4, 5, 6, 7-tetrafluoro-1H-isoindole-1, 3-dione (FP2P-00), exhibited potent activity at very low concentrations.
Synthesis and kinetic study of N-(1-methyl-3-phenyl-propane)-phthalimide (NP) by phase-transfer catalysis assisted by ultrasound irradiation
作者:Manuri Brahmayya、Maw-Ling Wang
DOI:10.1007/s11164-016-2505-z
日期:2016.9
Synthesis of N-(1-methyl-3-phenyl-propane)-phthalimide (NP) was successfully carried out by reacting the potassium phthalimide (PPK) with 2-bromo-1-phenyl propane by using solid–liquid phase-transfercatalysis under nitrogen atmosphere. The effects of agitation rate, reactant concentrations, solvents, catalysts and temperature on the conversion are investigated in the sequence to find the optimum operating
Chiral Ligands Based on Binaphthyl Scaffolds for Pd-Catalyzed Enantioselective C–H Activation/Cycloaddition Reactions
作者:José Manuel González、Xandro Vidal、Manuel Angel Ortuño、José Luis Mascareñas、Moisés Gulías
DOI:10.1021/jacs.2c09479
日期:2022.11.30
which are well-known to favor Pd-promoted C–H activations via concerted metalation–deprotonation mechanisms. We demonstrate that our new ligands enable substantially higher enantioselectivities than MPAAs in the assembly of 2-benzazepines through formal (5 + 2) cycloadditions between homobenzyltriflamides or o-methylbenzyltriflamides and allenes.
Nickel Catalysis via S<sub>H</sub>2 Homolytic Substitution: The Double Decarboxylative Cross-Coupling of Aliphatic Acids
作者:Artem V. Tsymbal、Lorenzo Delarue Bizzini、David W. C. MacMillan
DOI:10.1021/jacs.2c08989
日期:2022.11.23
generation, radical sorting via selective binding to a Ni(II) center, and bimolecularhomolyticsubstitution (SH2) at a high-valent nickel–alkyl complex. This catalytic manifold enables the hitherto elusive cross-coupling of diverse aliphatic carboxylic acids to generate valuable C(sp3)–C(sp3)-products. Notably, the powerful SH2 mechanism provides general access to sterically encumbered quaternary carbon
交叉偶联平台传统上是围绕一系列闭壳步骤构建的,例如氧化加成、金属转移和还原消除。在此,我们描述了一种双光/镍催化歧管,它通过互补序列进行交叉偶联,涉及自由基生成、通过选择性结合到 Ni(II) 中心的自由基分选以及高催化下的双分子均解取代 (S H 2)。 -价镍-烷基络合物。这种催化歧管能够实现迄今为止难以捉摸的不同脂肪族羧酸的交叉偶联,生成有价值的 C(sp 3 )–C(sp 3 )-产物。值得注意的是,强大的 S H 2 机制提供了对空间阻碍的季碳中心的普遍访问,解决了片段偶联化学中长期存在的挑战。