Efficient syntheses of [<sup>11</sup>C]zidovudine and its analogs by convenient one-pot palladium(0)-copper(I) co-mediated rapid<i>C</i>-[<sup>11</sup>C]methylation
The nucleosides zidovudine (AZT), stavudine (d4T), and telbivudine (LdT) are approved for use in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections. To promote positron emission tomography (PET) imaging studies on their pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and applications in cancer diagnosis, a convenient one-pot method for Pd(0)–Cu(I) co-mediated rapid C–C coupling of [11C]methyl iodide with stannyl precursor was successfully established and applied to synthesize the PET tracers [11C]zidovudine, [11C]stavudine, and [11C]telbivudine. After HPLC purification and radiopharmaceutical formulation, the desired PET tracers were obtained with high radioactivity (6.4–7.0 GBq) and specific radioactivity (74–147 GBq/µmol) and with high chemical (>99%) and radiochemical (>99.5%) purities. This one-pot Pd(0)–Cu(I) co-mediated rapid C-[11C]methylation also worked well for syntheses of [methyl-11C]thymidine and [methyl-11C]4′-thiothymidine, resulting twice the radioactivity of those prepared by a previous two-pot method. The mechanism of one-pot Pd(0)–Cu(I) co-mediated rapid C-[11C]methylation was also discussed.
Highly efficient syntheses of [methyl-11C]thymidine and its analogue 4′-[methyl-11C]thiothymidine as nucleoside PET probes for cancer cell proliferation by Pd0-mediated rapid C-[11C]methylation
then [11C]CH3I) with excess 5-tributylstannyl-2′-deoxyuridine and -4′-thio-2′-deoxyuridine were investigated for the syntheses of [methyl-11C]thymidine and its stable analogue, 4′-[methyl-11C]thiothymidine as PET probes for cancer diagnosis. The previously reported conditions were attempted using Pd2(dba)3/P(o-CH3C6H4)3 (1 : 4 in molar ratio) at 130 °C for 5 min in DMF, giving desired products only in
Pd 0介导的CH 3 I(然后是[ 11 C] CH 3 I)与过量的快速偶联5-三丁基锡烷基-2'-脱氧尿苷和-4'-硫代-2'-脱氧尿苷进行了调查[甲基的合成11 C]胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷及其稳定类似物,4' - [甲基- 11 C]硫代胸苷作为PET探针用于癌症诊断。在DMF中于130°C下使用Pd 2(dba)3 / P(o -CH 3 C 6 H 4)3(摩尔比为1:4 )尝试5分钟,仅在32和30%的收益率。因此,我们调整了实验室中针对杂芳族化合物开发的当前反应条件。使用CH 3 I /锡烷/ Pd 2(dba)3 / P(o在80°C下生成-CH 3 C 6 H 4)3 / CuCl / K 2 CO 3(1:25:1:32:2:5)胸苷收率达85%。而CH 3 I /锡烷/ Pd 2(dba)3 / P(o -CH 3 C 6 H 4)3 / CuBr / CsF(1:25:1:32:2:5),包括另一个CuBr
Melanoma-targeted delivery system (part 2): Synthesis, radioiodination and biological evaluation in B16F0 bearing mice
作者:Radhia El Aissi、Imen Miladi、Jean-Michel Chezal、Olivier Chavignon、Elisabeth Miot-Noirault、Emmanuel Moreau
DOI:10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.05.019
日期:2016.9
Here we report the synthesis and radiolabelling with iodine-125 of a melanoma-selective prodrug (17a*) and its parent drug IUdR. The in vivo and ex vivo biodistributions of [125I](17a*) and [125I]IUdR were evaluated in a model of melanoma B16F0-bearing mice. The pharmacokinetic profile of [125I](17a*) suggests rapid release of the active drug [125I]IUdR after i.v. administration of [125I](17a*). Preliminary
Radiotracer-based method for determining water solubility of highly insoluble compounds
作者:Ketai Wang、S. James Adelstein、Amin I. Kassis
DOI:10.1002/jlcr.1081
日期:2006.8
Ascertaining the aqueous solubility of compounds is important in the selection of drug candidates. We describe a radiotracer method for estimating watersolubility of compounds that are soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Various volumes of DMSO, saturated with 127I-labeled compound and spiked with the corresponding 125I-labeled derivative, are mixed in de-ionized water and the tubes centrifuged
确定化合物的水溶性对于选择候选药物很重要。我们描述了一种用于估算可溶于二甲基亚砜 (DMSO) 的化合物的水溶性的放射性示踪剂方法。不同体积的 DMSO,用 127 I 标记的化合物饱和并加入相应的 125 I 标记衍生物,在去离子水中混合,离心管以去除不溶性物质。因为 (i) 碘 127 和碘 125 化合物具有相同的溶解度并且在 DMSO-水溶液中均匀分布,并且 (ii) 准确称量非放射性化合物,溶解在已知体积的 DMSO 中,然后进一步根据需要稀释,可以计算溶液中化合物的浓度,并将其绘制为 DMSO 与水之比的函数。然后通过将数据点的线性拟合外推至零 DMSO 来确定化合物的水溶性。作为该方法的证明,评估了水溶性化合物 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (IUdR) 和 2-iodo-8-methyl-8H-quino[4,3,2-kl]acridine (IMAc)分别使用