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百菌清 | 1897-45-6

中文名称
百菌清
中文别名
2,4,5,6-四氯邻苯二甲腈;2,4,5,6-四氯-1,3-苯二腈;四氯间苯二氰;克菌灵;达科宁;四氯间苯二腈(2,4,5,6-四氯-1,3-苯二甲腈);四氯异苯氰;四氯间苯二甲腈;百菌清胶悬剂;百菌清悬浮剂;百菌清烟剂
英文名称
chlorothalonil
英文别名
TPN;tetrachloroisophthalonitrile;2,4,5,6-tetrachlorobenzene-1,3-dicarbonitrile
百菌清化学式
CAS
1897-45-6
化学式
C8Cl4N2
mdl
MFCD00045594
分子量
265.913
InChiKey
CRQQGFGUEAVUIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    250-251°
  • 沸点:
    bp760 350°
  • 密度:
    d425 1.7
  • 闪点:
    2 °C
  • 溶解度:
    20℃,有机溶剂中,180mg/L
  • 暴露限值:
    An experimental carcinogen.
  • LogP:
    2.94 at 25℃
  • 物理描述:
    Chlorothalonil appears as colorless crystals or granules or light gray powder. Melting point 250-251°C. No odor when pure; technical grade has a slightly pungent odor. A fungicide formulated as water-dispersible granules, wettable powder, or dust.
  • 颜色/状态:
    Colorless crystals
  • 气味:
    Odorless in pure form
  • 蒸汽压力:
    5.7X10-7 mm Hg at 25 °C
  • 亨利常数:
    2.00e-06 atm-m3/mole
  • 稳定性/保质期:
    如果按照规格使用和储存,则不会分解,也未发现有已知危险反应,应避免与氧化物接触。 对兔眼睛的结膜和角膜具有较强的刺激作用。动物实验表明,该物质无致癌、致畸或致突变的作用。
  • 分解:
    May decompose at high temp to emit hydrogen chloride.
  • 腐蚀性:
    Non-corrosive
  • 保留指数:
    1787;1776.1;1808.8;1829;1786.2;1779.2

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    2.9
  • 重原子数:
    14
  • 可旋转键数:
    0
  • 环数:
    1.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.0
  • 拓扑面积:
    47.6
  • 氢给体数:
    0
  • 氢受体数:
    2

ADMET

代谢
当酵母细胞暴露于TCIN时,形成的衍生物与谷胱甘肽与TCIN在体外反应形成的衍生物相似。辅酶A和2-巯基乙醇在体外也能与TCIN形成衍生物。这四种衍生物的红外光谱和色谱表明...1-4个卤素...被2-巯基乙醇所取代。...Daconil在新鲜瘤胃内容物中分解,产生两种未识别的代谢物。
When yeast cells were exposed to TCIN, derivatives formed resembled those formed by reaction of glutathione with TCIN in vitro. Coenzyme A and 2-mercaptoethanol also ... formed derivatives with TCIN in vitro. Infrared spectra and chromatography of the 4 derivatives ... indicated ... 1-4 halogens ... substituted by 2-mercaptoethanol. ... Daconil decomposed in fresh rumen contents with production of two unidentified metabolites.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
在植物中,4-羟基-2,5,6-三氯异酞腈作为一种代谢物被发现。
In plants, 4-hydroxy-2,5,6-trichloroisophthalonitrile is found as a metabolite.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
研究了氯苯噻唑醇在鲶鱼(Ictalurus punctatus)肝脏和鳃的细胞溶质和微粒体组分中的代谢情况,使用高效液相色谱(HPLC)。所有组分均催化氯苯噻唑醇代谢为极性代谢物。当反应混合物中省略了谷胱甘肽时,细胞溶质组分对氯苯噻唑醇的代谢明显减少。在存在NADPH或NADPH再生系统的情况下,微粒体代谢的缺乏表明直接由谷胱甘肽S-转移酶催化与谷胱甘肽结合,而不需要细胞色素P450的预氧化。肝脏和鳃的细胞溶质和微粒体谷胱甘肽S-转移酶也对1-氯-2,4-二硝基苯,一种常用的参考底物具有活性。总之,鲶鱼通过肝脏和鳃中的谷胱甘肽S-转移酶催化的谷胱甘肽结合来体外解毒氯苯噻唑醇。目前的报告首次证实了鳃微粒体谷胱甘肽S-转移酶对1-氯-2,4-二硝基苯的活性,以及肝脏对氯苯噻唑醇的活性,以及鳃细胞溶质谷胱甘肽S-转移酶对氯苯噻唑醇的活性,在水生物种中。
The metabolism of chlorothalonil was investigated in liver and gill cytosolic and microsomal fractions from channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) using HPLC. All fractions catalyzed the metabolism of chlorothalonil to polar metabolites. Chlorothalonil metabolism by cytosolic fractions was reduced markedly when glutathione was omitted from the reaction mixtures. The lack of microsomal metabolism in the presence of either NADPH or an NADPH-regenerating system indicated direct glutathione S-transferase catalyzed conjugation with glutathione without prior oxidation by cytochrome P450. Cytosolic and microsomal glutathione S-transferases from both tissues were also active toward 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, a commonly employed reference substrate. In summary, channel catfish detoxified chlorothalonil in vitro by glutathione S-transferase-catalyzed glutathione conjugation in the liver and gill. The present report is the first to confirm microsomal glutathione S-transferase activity toward 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene in gill and toward chlorothalonil in liver, and also of gill cytosolic glutathione S-transferase activity towards chlorothalonil, in an aquatic species.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
雄性 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠通过口服灌胃的方式给予 (14)C-百菌清(纯度99.7%)200 mg/kg 的剂量,以便分离和鉴定尿中代谢物。在给药后17、24和48小时收集尿液。尿中代谢物占给药剂量的2.4%,除了30%的放射性标记物无法从尿液中提取外,发现的代谢物是三甲基硫代一氯-异酞腈和二甲基硫代二氯-异酞腈。这些硫醇以自由硫醇和它们的甲基化衍生物的形式在尿液中排出。...提出了一种代谢途径,即肝脏代谢通过与非蛋白巯基(GSH)结合,然后经过酶降解。较小的结合物随后通过血液循环传输到肾脏,在那里它们转化为硫醇代谢物并随尿液排出。
Male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered, via oral gavage, (14)C-chlorothalonil (purity 99.7%) at a dose level of 200 mg/kg in order to isolate and identify the urinary metabolites. Urine was collected 17, 24 and 48 hr after dosing. Urinary metabolites accounted for 2.4% of the administered dose and, except for 30% of the radiolabel which was non-extractable from the urine, were found to be trimethylthiomonochloro-isophthalonitrile and dimethylthiodichloro-isophthalonitrile. These thiols were excreted in urine both as free thiols and as their methylated derivatives. ...A metabolic pathway /was suggested/ such that hepatic metabolism proceeds through conjugation with GSH followed by enzymatic degradation. The smaller conjugates are then transported via the bloodstream to the kidney, where they are converted to thiol metabolites and excreted in the urine.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
有机腈类通过肝脏中的细胞色素P450酶的作用转化为氰化物离子。氰化物迅速被吸收并在全身分布。氰化物主要通过罗丹酶或3-巯基丙酸硫转移酶代谢成硫氰酸盐。氰化物的代谢物通过尿液排出。
Organic nitriles are converted into cyanide ions through the action of cytochrome P450 enzymes in the liver. Cyanide is rapidly absorbed and distributed throughout the body. Cyanide is mainly metabolized into thiocyanate by either rhodanese or 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfur transferase. Cyanide metabolites are excreted in the urine. (L96)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 毒性总结
识别和使用:在纯形式下,氯硝基甲烷形成无色无味的晶体。它是一种取代苯基的杀菌剂,用于控制蔬菜、水果、草坪和观赏植物的真菌病。氯硝基甲烷在美国注册使用,但批准的农药用途可能会定期更改,因此必须咨询联邦、州和地方当局以获取当前批准的用途。人类暴露和毒性:在一家生产氯硝基甲烷的工厂中,观察到多名员工出现接触性皮炎。在103名员工中,有19个病例。大约60%的员工表现出某种皮肤异常,而不与氯硝基甲烷工作的员工中有18.5%。当工厂的卫生条件改善时,皮肤异常的整体比例降至大约20%,并且没有氯硝基甲烷接触性皮炎的病例。一份报告提到一名丹麦橱柜制造商,在用含有氯硝基甲烷的木材防腐剂涂刷家具9个月后,他的手部出现了皮炎。另一份报告提到三个病例:两人在面部,尤其是眼周出现红斑,一人在手部出现湿疹,这些人从事类似的工作。患者对用0.01%氯硝基甲烷丙酮溶液进行的斑贴试验呈阳性反应。包装厂员工接触氯硝基甲烷导致眼部剧烈疼痛,伴有轻度至中度的结膜炎和角膜表面的刺激。在更广泛的接触中,还观察到眼睑水肿。在较轻的接触下,24小时内完全恢复。在广泛接触后,恢复时间稍长。在任何情况下都没有观察到角膜混浊。动物研究:将氯硝基甲烷(96%)滴入兔眼,导致严重刺激,持续角膜混浊,虹膜效应和结膜刺激。在一项大鼠致癌性研究中,通过饮食给予氯硝基甲烷(98.1%),剂量高达175 mg/kg/天,雄性116周,雌性129周。在高剂量和中剂量下,两性的体重都下降。非腺胃被侵蚀和溃疡。组织学上,肾脏、食道、胃和十二指肠出现了与化合物相关的影响。所有剂量水平都出现了慢性肾小球肾炎、皮质小管和盆腔/乳头状上皮管囊肿的增生以及肾腺瘤和腺癌以及胃乳头瘤。对大鼠和中国仓鼠灌胃剂量高达5000 mg/kg/天,连续2天,或小鼠连续2天接受2500 mg/kg/天的测试结果为阴性,未诱导染色体畸变和微核。在评估氯硝基甲烷漂移对小鼠遗传毒性的吸入研究中,暴露组和对照组之间未观察到显著的DNA损伤差异。生态毒性研究:采用幼虫饲养法来评估四种最常见的在花粉和蜂蜡中检测到的农药对蜜蜂幼虫的慢性口服毒性:氟虫腈、蝇硫磷、氯硝基甲烷和毒死蜱(单独测试和所有组合)。与未处理的幼虫相比,所有农药在蜂巢残留水平下都显著增加了幼虫的死亡率,超过了两倍,接触3天后死亡率强烈增加。在这四种农药中,蜜蜂幼虫对氯硝基甲烷的敏感性高于成虫。在一项使用绿头鸭的鸟类繁殖研究中,在100 ppm时观察到卵壳厚度减少。在250 ppm时,成体体重、食物消耗和性腺发育受到影响,卵的数量、胚胎发育、卵壳厚度、孵化率和孵化存活也受到影响。在土壤中引入氯硝基甲烷(推荐应用率的5倍,即4700立方厘米土壤中的0.9克)饲养的蠕虫,与对照相比,在处理开始后,寿命减少了大约50%,繁殖几乎被消除。
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Chlorothalonil forms colorless and odorless crystals in pure form. It is a substituted benzene fungicide used to control fungal diseases in vegetables, fruit, turf, and ornamental plants. Chlorothalonil is registered for use in the U.S., but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Contact dermatitis was observed in a number of employees in a chlorothalonil manufacturing plant. There were 19 cases out of 103 employees. About 60% of the employees showed some kind of skin abnormality compared with 18.5% of employees not working with chlorothalonil. When the hygiene conditions of the plant were improved the overall proportion of skin abnormalities fell to about 20% and there were no cases of chlorothalonil contact dermatitis. One report concerned a Danish cabinet maker who developed dermatitis on his hands after 9 months of painting furniture with wood preservatives containing chlorothalonil. Another report referred to three cases: two with erythema on the face, particularly periorbitally, and one with eczema of the hands, in people engaged in similar work. Patients showed a positive reaction to patch tests with 0.01% chlorothalonil in acetone. Ocular exposures to chlorothalonil from employees at a packaging plant involved intense pain with mild to moderate conjunctivitis and irritation of the corneal surface. Ocular edema was also seen in more extensive exposures. With lesser exposures, complete recovery occurred within 24 hr. Recovery took slightly longer following extensive exposure. In no instance was corneal opacity observed. ANIMAL STUDIES: Instillation of chlorothalonil (96%) to rabbit eyes resulted in severe irritation with persistent corneal opacity, iris effects, and conjunctival irritation. In a carcinogenicity study in rats, chlorothalonil (98.1%) was administered in the diet up to 175 mg/kg/day for 116 weeks to males and 129 weeks to females. There were body weight decreases in both sexes at the high and mid doses. The non-glandular stomach was eroded and ulcerated. Histologically, there were compound-related effects on the kidneys, esophagus, stomach and duodenum. Chronic glomerulonephritis, hyperplasia of cortical tubules and pelvic/papillary epithelium tubular cysts, renal adenomas and carcinomas as well as stomach papillomas were present at all dose levels. Testing yielded negative results for chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei induction in either rats or Chinese hamsters administered gavage doses up to 5000 mg/kg/day for 2 days or mice receiving 2500 mg/kg/day for 2 consecutive days. In inhalation studies assessing genotoxic potential of chlorothalonil drift in mice, no significant difference in DNA damage was observed between exposed and control animals. ECOTOXICITY STUDIES: A larval rearing method was adapted to assess the chronic oral toxicity to honey bee larvae of the four most common pesticides detected in pollen and wax: fluvalinate, coumaphos, chlorothalonil, and chloropyrifos (tested alone and in all combinations). All pesticides at hive-residue levels triggered a significant increase in larval mortality compared to untreated larvae by over two fold, with a strong increase after 3 days of exposure. Among these four pesticides, honey bee larvae were most sensitive to chlorothalonil compared to adults. In an avian reproduction study using Mallard duck, reduction in eggshell thickness was seen at 100 ppm. At 250 ppm adult body weight, food consumption, and gonad development were affected, there were also effects on numbers of eggs laid, embryonic development, eggshell thickness, hatchability, and hatching survival. Worms reared in soil in which chlorothalonil had been incorporated (5 times the recommended application rate at 0.9 g in 4700 cu cm of soil) showed reduction in longevity of about 50% compared to controls after the beginning of treatment, and reproduction was virtually eliminated.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 毒性总结
有机腈在体内和体外都会分解成氰化物离子。因此,有机腈的主要毒性机制是它们产生有毒的氰化物离子或氢氰酸。氰化物是电子传递链第四复合体(存在于真核细胞线粒体膜中)中的细胞色素c氧化酶的抑制剂。它与这种酶中的三价铁原子形成配合物。氰化物与这种细胞色素的结合阻止了电子从细胞色素c氧化酶传递到氧气。结果,电子传递链被中断,细胞无法再通过有氧呼吸产生ATP能量。主要依赖有氧呼吸的组织,如中枢神经系统和心脏,受到特别影响。氰化物也通过绑定过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、变性血红蛋白、羟钴胺素、磷酸酶、酪氨酸酶、抗坏血酸氧化酶、黄嘌呤氧化酶、琥珀酸脱氢酶和Cu/Zn超氧化物歧化酶产生一些毒性效应。氰化物与变性血红蛋白中的三价铁离子结合形成无活性的氰化变性血红蛋白。
Organic nitriles decompose into cyanide ions both in vivo and in vitro. Consequently the primary mechanism of toxicity for organic nitriles is their production of toxic cyanide ions or hydrogen cyanide. Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. Cyanide is also known produce some of its toxic effects by binding to catalase, glutathione peroxidase, methemoglobin, hydroxocobalamin, phosphatase, tyrosinase, ascorbic acid oxidase, xanthine oxidase, succinic dehydrogenase, and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase. Cyanide binds to the ferric ion of methemoglobin to form inactive cyanmethemoglobin. (L97)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 致癌性证据
癌症分类:B2组可能的人类致癌物
Cancer Classification: Group B2 Probable Human Carcinogen
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 致癌性证据
氯化氯苯甲基硫菌灵对人类致癌性的证据不足。在实验动物中,对氯化氯苯甲基硫菌灵的致癌性有足够证据。总体评估:氯化氯苯甲基硫菌灵可能对人类致癌(2B组)。
There is inadequate evidence for the carcinogenicity of chlorothalonil in humans. There is sufficient evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of chloroanothil. Overall evaluation: Chlorothalonil is possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B).
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 致癌物分类
国际癌症研究机构致癌物:百菌清
IARC Carcinogenic Agent:Chlorothalonil
来源:International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)
吸收、分配和排泄
在通过气管内滴注、灌胃或皮肤应用给予 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠 1 mg/kg 体重(14)C 克菌丹后,在给药后 48 小时内,血液或尿液中回收的给药剂量少于 6%。
Following administration of 1 mg/kg body weight (14)C chlorothalonil to male Sprague-Dawley rats by endotracheal instillation, gavage or dermal application, less than 6% of the administered dose was recovered in the blood or urine within 48 hr after dosing.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
在大鼠中,给予单次、口服低剂量(1.5mg/kg)的百菌清后,大约20-22%的吸收剂量通过胆汁排出,大约10%通过尿液排出。在高剂量(200 mg/kg)时,通过胆汁排出的吸收剂量比例显著降低(8%),这表明这是一个可饱和的过程。这些数据表明,从胃肠道(GI)的总吸收率约为30-32%的给药剂量。大部分...通过粪便排出,至少有80%的给药剂量在96小时内通过此途径排出。大约90%的给药剂量在34-48小时内排出,尽管在50 mg/kg及以上的剂量下,排出速度较慢。在肾脏中观察到最高的组织浓度,大约是剂量的0.1%。在重复给药时观察到类似的代谢轮廓,并且没有生物累积的证据。
In rats, given a single, oral low dose (1.5mg/kg) of chlorothalonil, around 20-22% of the absorbed dose is excreted in bile and around 10% in urine. At higher dose (200 mg/kg) a considerably lower proportion (8%) of the absorbed dose is excreted in bile, indicating that this is a saturable process. These data indicate that overall absorption from the GI tract is in the order of 30-32% of the administered dose. The majority ... is excreted in feces with at least 80% of administered dose excreted by this route within 96 hr. Approximately 90% of the administered dose was excreted within 34-48 hr although excretion was less rapid at doses of 50 mg/kg and above. Highest tissue concentrations were observed in the kidney, approximately 0.1% of the dose. A similar metabolic profile was seen on repeated dosing and there was no evidence of bioaccumulation.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
猴子数据显示,在单次口服剂量为50毫克/千克后,剂量的1.8-4.15%出现在尿液中,尿液中的巯基衍生代谢物水平非常低。主要通过粪便排泄,在大约96小时内,约92%的剂量通过此途径排出。吸收和排泄都很快,没有生物累积的证据。
... Data for the monkey show that, following a single oral dose of 50 mg/kg, 1.8-4.15% of the dose appeared in urine with very low levels of thiol-derived metabolites appearing in urine. Fecal excretion predominated with around 92% of the dose eliminated via this route over 96 hr. Absorption and excretion were rapid and there was no evidence of bioaccumulation.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
在给予小鼠口服低剂量的氯硝噻唑后,在组织中发现了该化合物,尿排泄表明至少10%的剂量被吸收,而大部分(70-80%)的剂量通过粪便排出。
Low levels of /orally administered chlorothalonil to mouse/ were found in the tissues and urinary excretion indicated that at least 10% of the dose was absorbed with the majority (70-80%) of the dose excreted in feces.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

  • 危险等级:
    6.1(a)
  • 危险品标志:
    T+,N
  • 安全说明:
    S26,S28,S36/37,S36/37/39,S45,S60,S61
  • 危险类别码:
    R40,R43,R26,R50/53,R41,R37
  • WGK Germany:
    3
  • 海关编码:
    2926909090
  • 危险品运输编号:
    3276
  • 危险类别:
    6.1(a)
  • RTECS号:
    NT2600000
  • 包装等级:
    I
  • 储存条件:
    产品易燃、有毒,采用铁桶包装,并内衬塑料袋。在贮存和运输过程中,请远离火源并避免阳光直射。

SDS

SDS:1494d1d3892568046eeb3b8e82328881
查看
第一部分:化学品名称
化学品中文名称: 四氯间苯二腈;百菌清
化学品英文名称: Tetrachloroisophthalonitrile;Chlorothalonil
中文俗名或商品名:
Synonyms:
CAS No.: 1897-45-6
分子式: C 8 Cl 4 N 2
分子量: 265.90
第二部分:成分/组成信息
纯化学品 混合物
化学品名称:四氯间苯二腈;百菌清
有害物成分 含量 CAS No.
第三部分:危险性概述
危险性类别: 第6.1类 毒害品
侵入途径: 吸入 食入 经皮吸收
健康危害: 本品为低毒杀菌剂。对某些人的皮肤有明显刺激作用,可发生皮炎。
环境危害: 对环境有危害,对水体可造成污染。
燃爆危险: 本品可燃,具刺激性。
第四部分:急救措施
皮肤接触: 用肥皂水及清水彻底冲洗。就医。
眼睛接触: 拉开眼睑,用流动清水冲洗15分钟。就医。
吸入: 脱离现场至空气新鲜处。就医。
食入: 误服者,饮适量温水,催吐。就医。
第五部分:消防措施
危险特性: 遇明火、高热可燃。受热分解放出剧毒的氰化物气体。
有害燃烧产物: 一氧化碳、二氧化碳、氯化氢、氮氧化物、氰化氢。
灭火方法及灭火剂: 消防人员须佩戴防毒面具、穿全身消防服,在上风向灭火。切勿将水流直接射至熔融物,以免引起严重的流淌火灾或引起剧烈的沸溅。灭火剂:抗溶性泡沫、干粉、砂土。
消防员的个体防护:
禁止使用的灭火剂:
闪点(℃):
自燃温度(℃):
爆炸下限[%(V/V)]:
爆炸上限[%(V/V)]:
最小点火能(mJ):
爆燃点:
爆速:
最大燃爆压力(MPa):
建规火险分级:
第六部分:泄漏应急处理
应急处理: 隔离泄漏污染区,周围设警告标志,建议应急处理人员戴好口罩和手套。用大量水冲洗,经稀释的污水放入废水系统。如果大量泄漏,小心扫起,装入备用袋中。
第七部分:操作处置与储存
操作注意事项: 密闭操作,局部排风。防止粉尘释放到车间空气中。操作人员必须经过专门培训,严格遵守操作规程。建议操作人员佩戴自吸过滤式防尘口罩,戴化学安全防护眼镜,穿防毒物渗透工作服,戴橡胶手套。远离火种、热源,工作场所严禁吸烟。使用防爆型的通风系统和设备。避免产生粉尘。避免与氧化剂接触。配备相应品种和数量的消防器材及泄漏应急处理设备。倒空的容器可能残留有害物。
储存注意事项: 储存于阴凉、通风的库房。远离火种、热源。防止阳光直射。包装密封。应与氧化剂分开存放,切忌混储。配备相应品种和数量的消防器材。储区应备有合适的材料收容泄漏物。
第八部分:接触控制/个体防护
最高容许浓度: 中 国 MAC:0.4mg/m3 前苏联MAC:未制订标准美国TLV—TWA:未制订标准
监测方法:
工程控制: 生产过程密闭,加强通风。
呼吸系统防护: 作业工人应戴口罩。
眼睛防护: 戴安全防护眼镜。
身体防护: 穿工作服。
手防护: 戴防护手套。
其他防护: 工作现场禁止吸烟、进食和饮水。工作后,淋浴更衣。保持良好的卫生习惯。
第九部分:理化特性
外观与性状: 无色无臭结晶。
pH:
熔点(℃): 250~251
沸点(℃): 350
相对密度(水=1): 1.7(25/4℃)
相对蒸气密度(空气=1):
饱和蒸气压(kPa): 0.0013/40℃
燃烧热(kJ/mol):
临界温度(℃):
临界压力(MPa):
辛醇/水分配系数的对数值:
闪点(℃):
引燃温度(℃):
爆炸上限%(V/V):
爆炸下限%(V/V):
分子式: C 8 Cl 4 N 2
分子量: 265.90
蒸发速率:
粘性:
溶解性: 微溶于水,溶于丁酮、环己烷、酸。
主要用途: 用作杀菌剂,涂料和粘结剂的防护剂。
第十部分:稳定性和反应活性
稳定性: 在常温常压下 稳定
禁配物: 强氧化剂。
避免接触的条件:
聚合危害: 不能出现
分解产物: 一氧化碳、二氧化碳、氯化氢、氮氧化物、氰化氢。
第十一部分:毒理学资料
急性毒性: LD50:>10000mg/kg(大鼠经口);>10000mg/kg(兔经皮) LC50:
急性中毒:
慢性中毒:
亚急性和慢性毒性:
刺激性:
致敏性:
致突变性:
致畸性:
致癌性:
第十二部分:生态学资料
生态毒理毒性:
生物降解性:
非生物降解性:
生物富集或生物积累性:
第十三部分:废弃处置
废弃物性质:
废弃处置方法: 建议用焚烧法处置。在能利用的地方重复使用容器或在规定场所掩埋。
废弃注意事项:
第十四部分:运输信息
危险货物编号: 61904
UN编号: 2588
包装标志:
包装类别:
包装方法: 塑料袋或二层牛皮纸袋外全开口或中开口钢桶;两层塑料袋或一层塑料袋外麻袋、塑料编织袋、乳胶布袋;塑料袋外复合塑料编织袋(聚丙烯三合一袋、聚乙烯三合一袋、聚丙烯二合一袋、聚乙烯二合一袋);塑料袋或二层牛皮纸袋外普通木箱;螺纹口玻璃瓶、塑料瓶、复合塑料瓶或铝瓶外普通木箱;塑料瓶、两层塑料袋或两层牛皮纸袋(内或外套以塑料袋)外瓦楞纸箱。
运输注意事项: 储存于阴凉、通风仓间内。远离火种、热源。保持容器密封。防潮、防晒。应与氧化剂、食用化工原料分开存放。不能与粮食、食物、种子、饲料、各种日用品混装、混运。操作现场不得吸烟、饮水、进食。搬运时要轻装轻卸,
RETCS号:
IMDG规则页码:
第十五部分:法规信息
国内化学品安全管理法规: 化学危险物品安全管理条例 (1987年2月17日国务院发布),化学危险物品安全管理条例实施细则 (化劳发[1992] 677号),工作场所安全使用化学品规定 ([1996]劳部发423号)等法规,针对化学危险品的安全使用、生产、储存、运输、装卸等方面均作了相应规定;常用危险化学品的分类及标志 (GB 13690-92)将该物质划为第6.1 类毒害品。
国际化学品安全管理法规:
第十六部分:其他信息
参考文献: 1.周国泰,化学危险品安全技术全书,化学工业出版社,1997 2.国家环保局有毒化学品管理办公室、北京化工研究院合编,化学品毒性法规环境数据手册,中国环境科学出版社.1992 3.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety,CHEMINFO Database.1998 4.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, RTECS Database, 1989
填表时间: 年月日
填表部门:
数据审核单位:
修改说明:
其他信息: 6
MSDS修改日期: 年月日

制备方法与用途

百菌清 简介

百菌清是一种高效、低毒、广谱型的杀菌剂农药,因其对真菌类病害有较好的防治效果,在农业生产中被广泛应用。

作用机制

百菌清能与真菌细胞中的3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶发生作用,与该酶中含有半胱氨酸的蛋白质相结合,从而破坏该酶活性,使真菌细胞的新陈代谢受破坏而失去生命力。

作用

百菌清的主要作用是防止植物受到真菌侵害。一旦病菌进入植物体内后,其杀菌效果较小。它没有内吸传导作用,不会从喷药部位及植物根系被吸收。百菌清在植物表面有良好的黏着性,不易受雨水等冲刷,因此具有较长的药效期,在常规用量下,一般药效期约7~10天。

毒性

大鼠急性经口LD50>10000mg/kg,小鼠为3700mg/kg;兔急性经皮LD50为1000mg/kg;大鼠急性吸入LC50>4.7mg/L(1h)。对兔眼睛的结膜和角膜有较强的刺激作用,但对人的眼睛不敏感。动物试验未见致癌、致畸、致突变作用。虹鳟鱼LC500.205mg/L,大翻车鱼0.380mg/L,鲤鱼0.1~0.5mg/L,鲶鱼0.430mg/L。小野鸭经口LD50>21500mg/kg,鹌鹑5200mg/kg。对家蚕、蜜蜂安全。

化学性质

纯品为白色结晶,无臭味。熔点:250~251℃;沸点:约347.6℃(在9.9kPa下的蒸馏数据)。可溶于多数有机溶剂,如乙醇、丙酮等。

生产方法

以间苯二腈为原料,经气相催化氯化而得。氨氧化过程将间二甲苯以气态形式加入反应器,液氨蒸发预热后加入反应器,空气经过滤、换热后也进入反应器,使发生氨氧化反应。催化剂为以硅胶为载体V-Cr为主要组分的流化床反应器,生成的间二苯腈凝华并连续排出,尾气回收过量的氨或直接去三废处理,间二苯腈经离心脱水、干燥后得粗品,含量94%~98%,收率≥90%。精制可采用减压蒸馏、水洗或溶剂提取等方法。

氯化过程中,间苯二腈熔融后送入汽化器汽化或直接与部分气流(N2)通过喷嘴雾化进入反应器。氯气经干燥预热后与气态间苯二腈混合,氮气作为稀释气用于间苯二腈的汽化或雾化,并调节反应物浓度。反应器采用流化床或其他形式,生成的百菌清凝华析出并被连续送出即为产品,收率90%。尾气主要是氯、氯化氢和氮气,可部分循环或全部去尾气回收处理系统。

类别

农药

毒性分级

中毒

急性毒性

口服- 大鼠 LD50: 10000 毫克/ 公斤;口服- 小鼠 LD50: 3700 毫克/ 公斤

可燃性危险特性

燃烧产生有毒氮氧化物和氯化物气体

储运特性

库房通风低温干燥;与食品原料分开储运

灭火剂

干粉、泡沫、砂土

上下游信息

  • 下游产品
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    百菌清氧气 作用下, 生成 硫丙磷
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Estimation of dioxin emission from fires in chemicals
    摘要:
    The formation of the 17 toxic 2,3,7,8-substituted PCDDs and PCDFs during combustion of selected chemicals were measured by high-resolution GC/MS. The 16 chemicals studied were commonly used chlorinated pesticides, industrial chemicals, and PVC. In a series of experiments carried out in a DIN 53,436 furnace, 2.5 g of these compounds were burned at 500 degrees C and 900 degrees C, respectively. The resultant yields ranged from 740 ng ITEQ/g for pentachlorophenol, to below 0.01 ng ITEQ/g for PVC and dichlobenil. The results show that some chemicals generate PCDD/F in very high possibly dangerous - amounts during burning, whereas others generate insignificant amounts. The influence of scale were studied for chlorobenzene and 4-chloro-3-nitro-benzoic acid in additional experiments, carried out in a cone calorimeter burning 20 g substance, and in ISO 9705 room test burning about 50 kg. A good agreement between the results for large and small scale indicated that formation of PCCD/F during a fire may be estimated from laboratory experiments. This suggest laboratory test may be used to screen for chemicals posing a hazard for release of PCDD/F during fires. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
    DOI:
    10.1016/s0045-6535(99)00231-3
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    参考文献:
    名称:
    CASALE, L.;DONELLI, G.
    摘要:
    DOI:
  • 作为试剂:
    描述:
    β,β-dideuterio-L-tryptophan 在 百菌清三乙胺 作用下, 以 二氯甲烷 为溶剂, 反应 22.5h, 生成 2-(tert-butyl)3-methyl (S)-1,3,4,9-tetrahydro-2H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-2,3-dicarboxylic acid-4,4-d2
    参考文献:
    名称:
    [EN] SPIRO COMPOUND, AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREFOR AND USE THEREOF
    [FR] COMPOSÉ SPIRO, SON PROCÉDÉ DE PRÉPARATION ET SON UTILISATION
    [ZH] 一种螺环化合物及其制备方法与应用
    摘要:
    本申请属于化学药物技术领域,涉及一种通式(I)所示的螺环化合物,或其异构体、或其消旋体、或其可药用的盐,作为一种3C样蛋白酶抑制剂以及使用其治疗多种特定疾病或病状的方法。
    公开号:
    WO2024017270A1
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文献信息

  • [EN] ACC INHIBITORS AND USES THEREOF<br/>[FR] INHIBITEURS DE L'ACC ET UTILISATIONS ASSOCIÉES
    申请人:GILEAD APOLLO LLC
    公开号:WO2017075056A1
    公开(公告)日:2017-05-04
    The present invention provides compounds I and II useful as inhibitors of Acetyl CoA Carboxylase (ACC), compositions thereof, and methods of using the same.
    本发明提供了化合物I和II,这些化合物可用作乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACC)的抑制剂,以及它们的组合物和使用方法。
  • Novel processes for the preparation of adenosine compounds and intermediates thereto
    申请人:——
    公开号:US20030069423A1
    公开(公告)日:2003-04-10
    Novel processes for the preparation of adenosine compounds and intermediates thereto. The adenosine compounds prepared by the present processes may be useful as cardiovascular agents, more particularly as antihypertensive and anti-ischemic agents, as cardioprotective agents which ameliorate ischemic injury or myocardial infarct size consequent to myocardial ischemia, and as an antilipolytic agents which reduce plasma lipid levels, serum triglyceride levels, and plasma cholesterol levels. The present processes may offer improved yields, purity, ease of preparation and/or isolation of intermediates and final product, and more industrially useful reaction conditions and workability.
    新型的制备腺苷化合物及其中间体的方法。通过本方法制备的腺苷化合物可能作为心血管药物有用,更具体地作为降压和抗缺血药物,作为改善缺血性损伤或心肌梗死大小的心脏保护剂,以及作为降脂剂,可降低血浆脂质水平、血清甘油三酯水平和血浆胆固醇水平。本方法可能提供改善产率、纯度、制备和/或中间体和最终产品的分离的便利性,以及更具工业应用的反应条件和可操作性。
  • [EN] PYRAZOLE DERIVATIVES USEFUL AS INHIBITORS OF FAAH<br/>[FR] DÉRIVÉS DE PYRAZOLE UTILES COMME INHIBITEURS DE FAAH
    申请人:MERCK & CO INC
    公开号:WO2009151991A1
    公开(公告)日:2009-12-17
    The present invention is directed to certain imidazole derivatives which are useful as inhibitors of Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase (FAAH). The invention is also concerned with pharmaceutical formulations comprising these compounds as active ingredients and the use of the compounds and their formulations in the treatment of certain disorders, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetic neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, skeletomuscular pain, and fibromyalgia, as well as acute pain, migraine, sleep disorder, Alzheimer disease, and Parkinson's disease
    本发明涉及某些咪唑衍生物,其可用作脂肪酰胺水解酶(FAAH)的抑制剂。该发明还涉及包含这些化合物作为活性成分的药物配方,以及这些化合物及其配方在治疗某些疾病中的使用,包括骨关节炎、类风湿性关节炎、糖尿病神经病变、带状疱疹后神经痛、骨骼肌肉疼痛和纤维肌痛,以及急性疼痛、偏头痛、睡眠障碍、阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病。
  • [EN] AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF LACOSAMIDE<br/>[FR] PROCÉDÉ AMÉLIORÉ DE PRÉPARATION DE LACOSAMIDE
    申请人:UNICHEM LAB LTD
    公开号:WO2018060781A1
    公开(公告)日:2018-04-05
    The present invention relates to an improved process for the synthesis of (R)- Lacosamide in which free base of O-methyl-N-benzyl-D-Serinamide is not isolated before acylation. The process avoids the use of column chromatography and chiral resolution for the preparation of different stages of Lacosamide.
    本发明涉及一种改进的合成(R)-拉考酰胺的方法,在该方法中,在酰化之前不对O-甲基-N-苄基-D-丝氨酸酰胺的游离碱进行分离。该方法避免了使用柱层析和手性分离来制备拉考酰胺的不同阶段。
  • Compositions for Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis and Other Chronic Diseases
    申请人:Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated
    公开号:US20150231142A1
    公开(公告)日:2015-08-20
    The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising an inhibitor of epithelial sodium channel activity in combination with at least one ABC Transporter modulator compound of Formula A, Formula B, Formula C, or Formula D. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical formulations thereof, and to methods of using such compositions in the treatment of CFTR mediated diseases, particularly cystic fibrosis using the pharmaceutical combination compositions.
    本发明涉及含有上皮钠通道活性抑制剂与至少一种ABC转运蛋白调节剂化合物(A式、B式、C式或D式)的药物组合物。该发明还涉及这些药物配方,以及使用这些组合物治疗CFTR介导的疾病,特别是囊性纤维化的方法。
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表征谱图

  • 氢谱
    1HNMR
  • 质谱
    MS
  • 碳谱
    13CNMR
  • 红外
    IR
  • 拉曼
    Raman
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mass
cnmr
ir
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  • 峰位数据
  • 峰位匹配
  • 表征信息
Shift(ppm)
Intensity
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Assign
Shift(ppm)
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测试频率
样品用量
溶剂
溶剂用量
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同类化合物

(βS)-β-氨基-4-(4-羟基苯氧基)-3,5-二碘苯甲丙醇 (S)-(-)-7'-〔4(S)-(苄基)恶唑-2-基]-7-二(3,5-二-叔丁基苯基)膦基-2,2',3,3'-四氢-1,1-螺二氢茚 (S)-盐酸沙丁胺醇 (S)-3-(叔丁基)-4-(2,6-二甲氧基苯基)-2,3-二氢苯并[d][1,3]氧磷杂环戊二烯 (S)-2,2'-双[双(3,5-三氟甲基苯基)膦基]-4,4',6,6'-四甲氧基联苯 (S)-1-[3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基]-3-[1-(二甲基氨基)-3-甲基丁烷-2-基]硫脲 (R)富马酸托特罗定 (R)-(-)-盐酸尼古地平 (R)-(+)-7-双(3,5-二叔丁基苯基)膦基7''-[((6-甲基吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基]-2,2'',3,3''-四氢-1,1''-螺双茚满 (R)-3-(叔丁基)-4-(2,6-二苯氧基苯基)-2,3-二氢苯并[d][1,3]氧杂磷杂环戊烯 (R)-2-[((二苯基膦基)甲基]吡咯烷 (N-(4-甲氧基苯基)-N-甲基-3-(1-哌啶基)丙-2-烯酰胺) (5-溴-2-羟基苯基)-4-氯苯甲酮 (5-溴-2-氯苯基)(4-羟基苯基)甲酮 (5-氧代-3-苯基-2,5-二氢-1,2,3,4-oxatriazol-3-鎓) (4S,5R)-4-甲基-5-苯基-1,2,3-氧代噻唑烷-2,2-二氧化物-3-羧酸叔丁酯 (4-溴苯基)-[2-氟-4-[6-[甲基(丙-2-烯基)氨基]己氧基]苯基]甲酮 (4-丁氧基苯甲基)三苯基溴化磷 (3aR,8aR)-(-)-4,4,8,8-四(3,5-二甲基苯基)四氢-2,2-二甲基-6-苯基-1,3-二氧戊环[4,5-e]二恶唑磷 (2Z)-3-[[(4-氯苯基)氨基]-2-氰基丙烯酸乙酯 (2S,3S,5S)-5-(叔丁氧基甲酰氨基)-2-(N-5-噻唑基-甲氧羰基)氨基-1,6-二苯基-3-羟基己烷 (2S,2''S,3S,3''S)-3,3''-二叔丁基-4,4''-双(2,6-二甲氧基苯基)-2,2'',3,3''-四氢-2,2''-联苯并[d][1,3]氧杂磷杂戊环 (2S)-(-)-2-{[[[[3,5-双(氟代甲基)苯基]氨基]硫代甲基]氨基}-N-(二苯基甲基)-N,3,3-三甲基丁酰胺 (2S)-2-[[[[[[((1R,2R)-2-氨基环己基]氨基]硫代甲基]氨基]-N-(二苯甲基)-N,3,3-三甲基丁酰胺 (2-硝基苯基)磷酸三酰胺 (2,6-二氯苯基)乙酰氯 (2,3-二甲氧基-5-甲基苯基)硼酸 (1S,2S,3S,5S)-5-叠氮基-3-(苯基甲氧基)-2-[(苯基甲氧基)甲基]环戊醇 (1-(4-氟苯基)环丙基)甲胺盐酸盐 (1-(3-溴苯基)环丁基)甲胺盐酸盐 (1-(2-氯苯基)环丁基)甲胺盐酸盐 (1-(2-氟苯基)环丙基)甲胺盐酸盐 (-)-去甲基西布曲明 龙胆酸钠 龙胆酸叔丁酯 龙胆酸 龙胆紫 龙胆紫 齐达帕胺 齐诺康唑 齐洛呋胺 齐墩果-12-烯[2,3-c][1,2,5]恶二唑-28-酸苯甲酯 齐培丙醇 齐咪苯 齐仑太尔 黑染料 黄酮,5-氨基-6-羟基-(5CI) 黄酮,6-氨基-3-羟基-(6CI) 黄蜡,合成物 黄草灵钾盐