作者:G. O. DOAK、Leon D. FREEDMAN
DOI:10.1055/s-1974-23306
日期:——
This review deals with the synthesis and preparative uses of metallic derivatives of primary and secondary arsines, stibines, and bismuthines. Reaction of these derivatives (usually called arsenides, stibides, and bismuthides) with organic halides has become an important synthetic pathway to tertiary arsines, stibines, and bismuthines. They have also proved useful for the preparation of organic compounds containing covalent bonds between arsenic or antimony and silicon, germanium, tin, or lead. A number of secondary arsines have been obtained by the reaction of arsenides of the type RAsHNa with alkyl halides. 1. The Cleavage of Triarylarsines or Triarylstibines with Alkali Metals. 2. The Cleavage of Diarsines, Bis[diarylarsenic] Oxides, and Arseno Compounds. 3. The Reaction of Secondary Arsines and Stibines with Organolithium Compounds or with Alkali Metals. 4. The Reaction of Primary Arsines with Sodium or Potassium. 5. The Reaction of Primary Arsines with Organolithium Reagents. 6. Reactions in which Haloarsines, Halostibines, or Halobismuthines react with an Alkali Metal. 7. Reactions of the Alkali Metal Arsenides M3As and (M2As)2 and the Alkali Metal Stibides M3Sb and (M2Sb)2 with Alkyl Halides. 8. Miscellaneous Reactions.
这篇综述涉及了初级和次级肼、锑烷和铋烷的金属衍生物的合成及其制备应用。这些衍生物(通常称为砷化物、锑化物和铋化物)与有机卤化物的反应已成为合成三级肼、锑烷和铋烷的重要途径。它们在制备含砷或锑与硅、锗、锡或铅的共价键的有机化合物方面也已被证明是有用的。通过砷化物类型为RAsHNa与烷基卤化物的反应,已获得许多次级砷化物。
1. 三芳基肼或三芳基锑与碱金属的裂解。
2. 二肼、双[二芳基肼]氧化物和肼化合物的裂解。
3. 次级砷烷和锑烷与有机锂化合物或碱金属的反应。
4. 初级砷烷与钠或钾的反应。
5. 初级砷烷与有机锂试剂的反应。
6. 卤砷烷、卤锑烷或卤铋烷与碱金属的反应。
7. 碱金属砷化物M3As和(M2As)2以及碱金属锑化物M3Sb和(M2Sb)2与烷基卤化物的反应。
8. 其他反应。