Epoxidation of Monomaleate with Hydrogen Peroxide Catalyzed by [π-C5H5N(CH2)15CH3]3PO4(WO3)4
摘要:
In the study, epoxidation of dodecanol monomaleate, hexadecanol monomaleate, and octadecanol monomaleate were carried out using [pi-C5H5N(CH2)(15)CH3](3)PO4(WO3)(4) as phase-transfer catalyst with 30% hydrogen peroxide as oxidant. The experimental results showed that [pi-C5H5N(CH2)(15)CH3](3)PO4(WO3)(4) had excellent catalytic effect on translating C-C double-bond into an epoxy group and had a good yield rate. The synthesized epoxides of decanol monomaleate, hexadecanol monomaleate, and octadecanol monomaleate have enormous potential application in organic synthesis, and they could be readily transformed into various synthetically useful intermediates or final products in many fields of chemistry.
[EN] DRUGS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR OCULAR DELIVERY<br/>[FR] MÉDICAMENTS ET COMPOSITIONS À ADMINISTRER PAR VOIE OCULAIRE
申请人:GRAYBUG VISION INC
公开号:WO2019118924A1
公开(公告)日:2019-06-20
New prodrugs of therapeutically active compounds, including oligomeric prodrugs of ethacrynic acid, and compositions to treat medical disorders, for example glaucoma, a disorder or abnormality related to an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP), a disorder requiring neuroprotection, age-related macular degeneration, or diabetic retinopathy. Also a method for the controlled administration of timolol to a patient in need thereof, such as a human, comprising administering a prodrug of timolol in a microparticle in vivo, wherein the timolol prodrug containing microparticle exhibits in vitro drug release kinetics in an aqueous solution at a pH between 6-8 at body temperature of a substantially consistent release of at least 60% timolol itself by molar ratio to the prodrug of timolol or an intermediate metabolite thereof over at least 100 days.
[EN] DRUGS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF OCULAR DISORDERS<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS ET COMPOSITIONS POUR LE TRAITEMENT DE TROUBLES OCULAIRES
申请人:GRAYBUG VISION INC
公开号:WO2018175922A1
公开(公告)日:2018-09-27
The present invention provides new prodrugs of therapeutically active compounds, including oligomeric prodrugs, and compositions to treat medical disorders, for example glaucoma, a disorder or abnormality related to an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP), a disorder requiring neuroprotection, age-related macular degeneration, or diabetic retinopathy.
The present disclosure in part provides compounds (i.e., PEG lipids) which are useful in pharmaceutical compositions, cosmetic compositions, and drug delivery systems, e.g, for use in lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulations. The present disclosure also provides LNP formulations comprising PEG lipids described herein, and methods of using the same. For example, the LNPs provided herein are useful for the delivery of an agent (e.g, therapeutic agent) to a subject. The PEG lipids and LNPs provided herein, in certain embodiments, exhibit increased PEG shedding compared to existing PEG lipids and LNP formulations.
Additives suitable for improving the flow and/or depressing the cloud point of crude oils, lubricating oils and especially fuel oils are polymers containing defined alkyl groups of at least 8 carbon atoms chain length. Such polymers are either (a) of a mixture of monomers having only two alkyl groups one being at least 3 carbon atoms longer than the other or (b) of a mixture of monomers having only three alkyl groups each differing by at least 3 carbon atoms and the middle alkyl group being half the combined length of the other two. Alternatively, the polymer may be derived from a monomer having the two defined alkyl groups (a) or the three defined alkyl groups (b).