1,3-dieicosapentaenoylglycerol

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 脂质和类脂质分子 - 脂肪酰基
• 英文名称: 1,3-dieicosapentaenoylglycerol
• 英文别名: 1,3-di(icosapentaenoyl)glyceride；(5Z,5'Z,8Z,8'Z,11Z,11'Z,14Z,14'Z,17Z,17'Z)-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1,3-propanediyl ester；[2-hydroxy-3-[(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoyl]oxypropyl] (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoate
• 化学式: C₄₃H₆₄O₅
• 分子量: 660.978
• InChiKey: TXYVJIXIUGRAFF-LPEZNXMBSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  11
• 重原子数：
  48
• 可旋转键数：
  32
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.49
• 拓扑面积：
  72.8
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  5

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  1,3-dieicosapentaenoylglycerol 、 己酸 在 4-二甲氨基吡啶 、 盐酸-N-乙基-Nˊ-(3-二甲氨基丙基)碳二亚胺 作用下， 以 二氯甲烷 为溶剂， 反应 12.0h， 以91%的产率得到1,3-dieicosapentaenoyl-2-hexanoylglycerol
  参考文献：
  名称：

  拥有EPA和DHA在其终端位置反转结构的甘油三酯的合成

  摘要：

  本报告描述了LML型的反转结构的三酰基甘油（标签）的合成，具有纯EPA或DHA位于与纯偶数沿甘油骨架的终端1,3位饱和脂肪酸（C6：0-C16：0 ）占据2位。这些化合物通过包括高度选择性固定化的两步化学酶促合成路线合成南极假丝酵母脂肪酶掺入EPA或DHA激活为丙酮肟酯专门为甘油的1,3-位置。随后通过EDCI偶联剂将饱和的脂肪酰基引入剩余的2-位，以高效地完成标题化合物。这是具有上的长链n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的结构颠倒的标签的第一份报告。可以预期的是，这些新的化合物和它们的合成方法将找到的各种重要的用途，例如分析标准，筛选生物活性和在作为前药制药领域。

  DOI：

  10.1016/j.tet.2015.09.034
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  全顺式二十碳五烯酸 在 4-二甲氨基吡啶 、 C_. antarctica lipase 、 盐酸-N-乙基-Nˊ-(3-二甲氨基丙基)碳二亚胺 作用下， 以 二氯甲烷 为溶剂， 反应 4.0h， 生成 1,3-dieicosapentaenoylglycerol
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Activation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids as oxime esters: a novel approach for their exclusive incorporation into the primary alcoholic positions of the glycerol moiety by lipase

  摘要：

  A novel approach has been developed for activating the highly bioactive long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids EPA and DHA as oxime esters and incorporating them exclusively to the end-positions of glycerol and enantiopure 1-O-allcylglycerols. The Candida antarctica lipase B was observed to display a superb regioselectivity when using the acetoxime esters of EPA and DHA as acyldonors under mild condition to keep acyl-migration side-reaction under complete control. Regiopure 1,3-diacylglycerols, 1-O-alkyl-3-acyl-sn-glycerols and their antipodes possessing EPA and DHA were afforded in very high purity and yields. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  DOI：

  10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2012.07.005

文献信息

• Synthesis of triacylglycerol from polyunsaturated fatty acid by immobilized lipase
  作者：Yoshitsugu Kosugi、Naoki Azuma

  DOI：10.1007/bf02541362

  日期：1994.12

  More than 95% of polyunsaturated acid (PUFA) was converted to triacylglycerol by immobilized lipase fromCandida antarctica orRhizomucor miehei. The esterification was carried out at 50–60°C with shaking and dehydration for 24 h. The substrates consisted of glycerol and free fatty acid or ethyl esters of the fatty acid at a 1∶3 molar ratio. The docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in the substrate polymerized during the reaction, and they required 5–10% more than the stoichiometric amount to compensate for the PUFA loss. On the contrary, ethyl esters of DHA and EPA were not polymerized. Pure tridocosahexaenoyl, trieicosapentaenoly and triarachidonoyl glycerol were isolated after passing the product through a basic aluminum oxide column. Industrial feasibility of this process was discussed for the ethyl ester as substrate.

  摘要 利用固定化脂肪酶将95%以上的多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）转化为三酰甘油。底物包括甘油和游离脂肪酸或脂肪酸乙酯，摩尔比为 1∶3。底物中的二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）或二十碳五烯酸（EPA）在反应过程中聚合，它们需要比化学计量量多 5-10% 的量来补偿 PUFA 的损失。相反，DHA 和 EPA 的乙酯没有聚合。产品通过碱性氧化铝柱后，分离出了纯净的三二十六烯酰、三二十五烯酰和三丙烯酰甘油。讨论了以乙酯为底物进行该工艺的工业可行性。
• The synthesis of homogeneous triglycerides of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid by lipase
  作者：Gudmundur G. Haraldsson、Birgir Ö. Gudmundsson、Örn Almarsson

  DOI：10.1016/0040-4020(94)00983-2

  日期：1995.1

  highly efficient synthesis of homogeneous triglycerides of either pure eicosapentaenoic acid, 1, or docosahexaenoic acid, 2, by an immobilized non-regiospecific yeast lipase from Candida antarctica is described. Two methods were used: Interesterification of tributyrin and direct esterification of glycerol with stoichiometric amount of 99 % EPA or DHA as ethyl esters and free fatty acids, respectively

  通过固定化的南极假丝酵母的非区域特异性酵母脂肪酶高效合成纯二十碳五烯酸1或二十二碳六烯酸2的均质甘油三酸酯描述。使用了两种方法：三丁酸甘油酯的酯交换和分别以化学计量的99％EPA或DHA的乙基酯和游离脂肪酸的甘油直接酯化。两种方法均在真空下于65°C且无任何溶剂的条件下进行。将挥发性副产物冷凝到冷却的阱中，从而使平衡朝着完成方向移动。在所有情况下，都可以在不到72小时的时间内完成完全掺入，但是发现直接酯化比酯交换要快得多，这两个过程都涉及EPA和DHA。高场11 H NMR光谱分析提供了在直接酯化反应过程中对中间甘油酯的详细研究。以优异的产率提供的所得粗产物的纯度非常高。
• NEUROLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND COMPOUNDS WITH MULTIPLE ACTIVITIES
  申请人：Naftchi Eric N.

  公开号：US20070082918A1

  公开（公告）日：2007-04-12

  Pharmacologically active compounds suitable for treating a mammal so as to affect neurological function, the compounds comprising at least two neurologically active groups, one group providing alpha-adrenergic agonist activity, and the second group providing agonist activity selected from the group consisting of beta-adrenergic agonist activity, serotinergic agonist activity, dopaminergic agonist activity, and GABA-ergic agonist activity. Each of the compounds being lipophilic, capable of crossing the blood/central nervous system barrier and effective as the primary therapeutic agent, in a dosage amount and at a dosage rate sufficient to provide the desired effect. Therapeutic compositions comprising the compound are provided.

  具有药理活性的化合物，适用于治疗哺乳动物以影响神经功能，该化合物包括至少两个神经活性基团，其中一个基团提供α-肾上腺素能激动剂活性，第二个基团提供从以下组中选择的激动剂活性：β-肾上腺素能激动剂活性、血清素能激动剂活性、多巴胺能激动剂活性和GABA-能激动剂活性。每种化合物都是亲脂性的，能够穿过血液/中枢神经系统屏障，并且在剂量和剂量速率足以提供所需效果的情况下作为主要治疗剂有效。提供了包含该化合物的治疗组合物。
• Enzymatic synthesis of symmetrical 1,3-diacylglycerols by direct esterification of glycerol in solvent-free system
  作者：Roxana Rosu、Mamoru Yasui、Yugo Iwasaki、Tsuneo Yamane

  DOI：10.1007/s11746-999-0074-7

  日期：1999.7

  Abstract1,3‐Diacylglycerols were synthesized by direct esterification of glycerol with free fatty acids in a solvent‐free system. Free fatty acids with relatively low melting points (<45°C) such as unsaturated and medium‐chain saturated fatty acids were used. With stoichiometric ratios of the reactants and water removal by evaporation at 3 mm Hg vacuum applied at 1 h and thereafter, the maximal 1,3‐diacylglycerol content in the reaction mixture was: 84.6% for 1,3‐dicaprylin, 84.4% for 1,3‐dicaprin, 74.3% for 1,3‐dilinolein, 71.7% for 1,3‐dieicosapentaenoin, 67.4% for 1,3‐dilaurin, and 61.1% for 1,3‐diolein. Some of the system's parameters (temperature, water removal, and molar ratio of the reactants) were optimized for the production of 1,3‐dicaprylin, and the maximal yield reached 98%. The product was used for the chemical synthesis of 1,3‐dicapryloyl‐2‐eicosapentaenoylglycerol. The yield after purification was 42%, and the purity of the triacylglycerol was 98% (both 1,3‐dicapryloyl‐2‐eicosapentaenoylglycerol and 1,2‐dicapryloyl‐3‐eicosapentaenoylglycerol included) by gas chromatographic analysis, of which 90% was the desired structured triacylglycerol (1,3‐dicapryloyl‐2‐eicosapentaenoylglycerol) as determined by silver ion high‐performance liquid chromatographic analysis.
• Synthesis of reversed structured triacylglycerols possessing EPA and DHA at their terminal positions
  作者：Anna V. Gudmundsdottir、Kai-Anders Hansen、Carlos D. Magnusson、Gudmundur G. Haraldsson

  DOI：10.1016/j.tet.2015.09.034

  日期：2015.11

  EPA or DHA activated as acetoxime esters exclusively into the 1,3-positions of glycerol. The saturated fatty acyl groups were subsequently introduced to the remaining 2-position by EDCI coupling agent to accomplish the title compounds highly efficiently. This is the first report on reversed structured TAGs possessing the long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. It is anticipated that these novel

  本报告描述了LML型的反转结构的三酰基甘油（标签）的合成，具有纯EPA或DHA位于与纯偶数沿甘油骨架的终端1,3位饱和脂肪酸（C6：0-C16：0 ）占据2位。这些化合物通过包括高度选择性固定化的两步化学酶促合成路线合成南极假丝酵母脂肪酶掺入EPA或DHA激活为丙酮肟酯专门为甘油的1,3-位置。随后通过EDCI偶联剂将饱和的脂肪酰基引入剩余的2-位，以高效地完成标题化合物。这是具有上的长链n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的结构颠倒的标签的第一份报告。可以预期的是，这些新的化合物和它们的合成方法将找到的各种重要的用途，例如分析标准，筛选生物活性和在作为前药制药领域。