Synthesis of Metronidazole Derivatives Containing Pyridine Ring and Anticancer Activity
作者:Jianping Yong、Canzhong Lu、Xiaoyuan Wu
DOI:10.2174/157017861304160413120220
日期:2016.4.11
Background: Cancer is a major health problem worldwide, the relative
mortality rate caused by cancer is still very high in developed countries. Although the
remarkable success has been achieved: more than 15 small molecule anticancer agents
have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in clinics and dozens are currently in clinical trials,
cancer chemotherapy is still highly inadequate, and it is essential to find novel structures, low side effect and more potent
anticancer agents. Metronidazole derivatives exhibited widely biological activities, such as: antibacterial, antiinflammatory,
anti-parasitic, α-glucosidase inhibition, antitubercular, antimycobacterial, antimicrobial, and anticancer activity.
Based on our previous research, we synthesized a series of metronidazole derivatives in current work for the development
of anticancer agents.
Methods: The target compounds were prepared by the reaction of metronidazole with the R-substituted-pyridine-carboxyl
acid in dry THF, catalyzed by DCC, HOBt/DMAP. And then, the in vitro anticancer efficacy against A549, HCT116 and
MCF-7 cell lines was evaluated, and the anticancer efficacy was comparable with the reference drug gefitinib.
Results: The structures of the target compounds were fully characterized using NMR, MS and XRD. The biological
evaluation showed that all compounds exhibited good anticancer activity against A549, HCT116 and MCF-7 cell lines.
Conclusion: From these biological results, we can get some rules: (1) The derivatives of carboxyl group at the 3-position
of pyridine ring are much stronger than others (carboxyl group at the 4-position and 2-position of pyridine ring); (2) Introduction
of the large volume group at the pyridine ring will improve the anticancer efficacy too much. This guidance helps
us to design and synthesize more metronidazole derivatives for development of anticancer agents.
背景:癌症是世界范围内的一个主要健康问题
在发达国家,癌症造成的死亡率仍然很高。虽然
取得了显着的成功:超过15种小分子抗癌药物
已获得美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)批准在临床使用,目前有数十种药物正在进行临床试验,
癌症化疗仍十分不足,有必要寻找新的结构、低副作用和更有效的药物
抗癌剂。甲硝唑衍生物具有广泛的生物活性,如:抗菌、抗炎、
抗寄生虫、α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制、抗结核、抗分枝杆菌、抗菌和抗癌活性。
在前期研究的基础上,我们合成了一系列甲硝唑衍生物,用于开发
的抗癌剂。
方法:通过甲硝唑与R-取代吡啶羧基反应制备目标化合物
酸在无水 THF 中,由 DCC、HOBt/DMAP 催化。然后,针对A549、HCT116和
对MCF-7细胞系进行评估,抗癌功效与参比药物吉非替尼相当。
结果:利用NMR、MS和XRD对目标化合物的结构进行了充分表征。生物的
评价表明,所有化合物对A549、HCT116和MCF-7细胞系均表现出良好的抗癌活性。
结论:从这些生物学结果中,我们可以得出一些规律:(1)3位羧基的衍生物
吡啶环的羧基比其他环强得多(吡啶环的4位和2位的羧基); (二)简介
吡啶环上大体积基团的存在将大大提高抗癌功效。本指南有助于
我们设计并合成更多的甲硝唑衍生物用于抗癌药物的开发。