通过吲哚和丙酮的级联加成/分子内环化反应,分子碘催化获得一类重要的生物相关吲哚衍生物——环戊[ b ]吲哚。对不同取代模式的探索揭示了反应中重要的底物控制。吲哚的高密度电子核心对于吲哚基-环戊[ b ]吲哚衍生物的形成至关重要;相反,核心的电子缺乏阻碍了环化过程,从而引导双(吲哚基)丙烷的形成。对机理途径的研究表明,双(吲哚基)烷烃是加成环化过程的中间体。这种简单的实验方法提供了环戊环吲哚的可持续合成途径。
introduces a Pd(II)/LA-catalyzed (LA: Lewis acid) decarboxylative addition reaction for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanederivatives. The presence of Lewis acid such as Sc(OTf)3 triggered Pd(II)-catalyzed decarboxylative addition of propiolic acids with indoles to offer the bis(indolyl)methanederivatives in moderate to good yields, whereas neither Pd(II) nor Lewis acid alone was active for this synthesis
A New Amphiphilic Brønsted Acid as Catalyst for the Friedel-Crafts Reactions of Indoles in Water
作者:Yuan Cheng、Xiongyu Ou、Jimei Ma、Linhao Sun、Zhong-Hua Ma
DOI:10.1002/ejoc.201801612
日期:2019.1.10
A designed Brønsted acid enables Friedel–Crafts alkylation of indoles in water, whose hydrophobic aggregations of fluorocarbon chains, along with phenyl ring, protected acid sites from bulk water and enriched the substrates. The amphiphilic structure has been proven crucial for the high catalytic efficiency.
Perlite-Polyphosphoric acid (EP-PPA) as a novel, efficient, recyclable and eco-benign heterogeneous catalyst has been applied for the green and rapid synthesis of aryl/alkylbis(indolyl)methanes, in water, in good to excellent yields. The catalyst was characterized by XRF, FT-IR, TGA/DTG, ICP-OES, SEM-EDX and pH analysis. Importantly, the newly synthesized heterogeneous solidacidcatalyst can be recovered
Bis-indolylation of aldehydes and ketones using silica-supported FeCl<sub>3</sub>: molecular docking studies of bisindoles by targeting SARS-CoV-2 main protease binding sites
We report herein an operationally simple, efficient and versatile procedure for the synthesis of bis-indolylmethanes via the reaction of indoles with aldehydes or ketones in the presence of silica-supported ferric chloride under grindstone conditions. The prepared supported catalyst was characterized by SEM and EDX spectroscopy. The present protocol has several advantages such as shorter reaction time
我们在此报道了一种操作简单、高效且通用的方法,用于在磨石条件下,在二氧化硅负载的氯化铁存在下,通过吲哚与醛或酮的反应来合成双吲哚基甲烷。通过SEM和EDX光谱对制备的负载型催化剂进行了表征。本方案具有反应时间短、产率高、反应过程中避免使用有害有机溶剂以及对多种官能团的耐受性等优点。使用合成的双吲哚进行了针对 SARS-CoV-2 主要蛋白酶(3CL pro或 M pro )酶结合位点的分子对接研究。我们的研究表明,一些合成的化合物有可能通过疏水性和氢键相互作用与活性位点的关键氨基酸残基相互作用,从而抑制 SARS-CoV-2 M前酶。