Discovery and Optimization of Benzotriazine Di-N-Oxides Targeting Replicating and Nonreplicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis
摘要:
Compounds bactericidal against both replicating and nonreplicating Mtb may shorten the length of TB treatment regimens by eliminating infections more rapidly. Screening of a panel of antimicrobial and anticancer drug classes that are bioreduced into cytotoxic species revealed that 1,2,4-benzotriazine di-N-oxides (BTOs) are potently bactericidal against replicating and nonreplicating Mtb. Medicinal chemistry optimization, guided by semiempirical molecular orbital calculations, identified a new lead compound (20q) from this series with an MIC of 0.31 mu g/mL against H37Rv and a cytotoxicity (CC50) against Vero cells of 25 mu g/mL. 20q also had equivalent potency against a panel of single-drug resistant strains of Mtb and remarkably selective activity for Mtb over a panel of other pathogenic bacterial strains. 20q was also negative in a L5178Y MOLY assay, indicating low potential for genetic toxicity. These data along with measurements of the physiochemical properties and pharmacokinetic profile demonstrate that BTOs have the potential to be developed into a new class of antitubercular drugs.
Isolation, characterization, and rearrangement of cis- and trans-N-acetyl-2-amino-5,6-dimethoxy-5-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene. Models for the proposed precursors of meta-substitution products from carcinogenic aromatic amines
The present disclosure is generally directed to compounds which can inhibit AAK1 (adaptor associated kinase 1), compositions comprising such compounds, and methods for inhibiting AAK1.
observations of this intermediate in Pd(II)/Sc(III)-catalyzed C–H activation of acetanilides, and its stability and reactivity in C–H activation are investigated. Remarkably, this intermediate is only observed in electron-rich acetanilides, and the meta-substituent with increased σm constant generally accelerates C–H activation, a characteristic of the base-assisted C–H activation mechanism. This study has unveiled
Disclosed is a compound represented by the formula (1) below or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which is useful as an agent for prevention and/or treatment of diabetes and the like.
(In the formula, RA and RB independently represent an optionally substituted alkyl group or the like; RC represents an optionally substituted alkyl group or the like; RD represents a hydrogen atom or the like; RE represents a hydrogen atom or the like; and RF represents a group selected from those represented by the formulae (G1) below:
wherein one hydrogen atom serves as a bonding hand, or the like.)
Transition-metal-catalyzed aromatic olefination through directC–H activation represents an atom and step-economic route for versatile pharmaceutical syntheses, and in many cases, different stoichiometric oxidants are frequently employed for achieving a reasonable catalytic efficiency of the transition metal ions. Herein, we report a Lewis acid promotedPd(II)-catalyzed acetanilide olefination reaction with atmospheric
通过直接 C-H 活化的过渡金属催化芳烃烯化代表了一种用于多功能药物合成的原子和步骤经济路线,并且在许多情况下,经常使用不同化学计量的氧化剂来实现过渡金属离子的合理催化效率。在此,我们报道了路易斯酸促进的 Pd( II ) 催化的乙酰苯胺烯化反应,以大气分子氧为氧化剂源。路易斯酸通过二乙酸酯桥与 Pd( II ) 物质连接显着提高了其催化效率,并且对烯化步骤的独立动力学研究表明,添加路易斯酸显着加速了烯化速率以及 C-H 活化步。 Pd( II )盐中内部碱的强碱性也可能通过碱辅助的β-氢化物消除有利于烯化反应。
Ullmann; Fitzenkam, Chemische Berichte, 1905, vol. 38, p. 3792