乳霉素 | 82079-32-1

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机杂环化合物 - 二氢噻吩类
• 中文名称: 乳霉素
• 英文名称: (+)-thiolactomycin
• 英文别名: 5R-Thiolactomycin；(R)-(+)-thiolactomycin；TLM；Thiolactomycin；(5R)-4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethyl-5-[(1E)-2-methylbuta-1,3-dienyl]thiophen-2-one
• CAS: 82079-32-1
• 化学式: C₁₁H₁₄O₂S
• 分子量: 210.297
• InChiKey: SYQNUQSGEWNWKV-XUIVZRPNSA-N

物化性质

• 溶解度：
  DMSO：~21 mg/mL

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.8
• 重原子数：
  14
• 可旋转键数：
  2
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.36
• 拓扑面积：
  62.6
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  3

制备方法与用途

Thiolactomycin 是一种抗生素，对革兰氏阴性厌氧菌具有抗菌活性，并且还能抑制疟疾和锥虫。此外，Thiolactomycin 是 FabB 抑制剂，能够抑制脂肪酸和分支菌酸的合成。

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  乳霉素 在 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane dimer 、 sodium hydroxide 、 双氧水 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 为溶剂， 反应 6.17h， 以88%的产率得到(R)-3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-5-((E)-4-hydroxy-2-methylbut-1-enyl)-5H-thiophen-2-one
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Structure−Activity Relationships at the 5-Position of Thiolactomycin:  An Intact (5R)-Isoprene Unit Is Required for Activity against the Condensing Enzymes from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Escherichia coli

  摘要：

  Thiolactomycin inhibits bacterial cell growth through inhibition of the beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase activity of type II fatty acid synthases. The effect of modifications of the 5-position isoprenoid side chain on both IC(50) and MIC were determined. Synthesis and screening of a structurally diverse set of 5-position analogues revealed very little tolerance for substitution in purified enzyme assays, but a few analogues retained MIC, presumably through another target. Even subtle modifications such as reducing one or both double bonds of the diene were not tolerated. The only permissible structural modifications were removal of the isoprene methyl group or addition of a methyl group to the terminus. Cocrystallization of these two inhibitors with the condensing enzyme from Escherichia coli revealed that they retained the TLM binding mode at the active site with reduced affinity. These results suggest a strict requirement for a conjugated, planar side chain inserting within the condensing enzyme active site.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jm050825p
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  (R)-4-Methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-5-((E)-2-methyl-buta-1,3-dienyl)-5H-thiophen-2-one 在 lithium thiopropiolate 作用下， 以 六甲基磷酰三胺 为溶剂， 反应 0.5h， 以99%的产率得到乳霉素
  参考文献：
  名称：

  脂肪酶催化具有手性季碳的硫代十四酸衍生物的动力学拆分：（R）-硫代催乳素及其O-类似物的全合成

  摘要：

  我们已经开发了在C5上具有手性季碳原子的（R）-硫代催乳素（1）的化学酶法合成方法。在thiotetronic酸前体的动力学拆分4，用高对映体过量通过使用固定化脂肪酶的获得两种对映体® L-2。（R）-醇4的化学转化在五个步骤中以36％的产率提供了手性（R）-硫代催乳素（1）。

  DOI：

  10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.07.152

文献信息

• [EN] NOVEL COMPUNDS, PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING SAME, AND METHODS OF USE FOR SAME<br/>[FR] NOUVEAUX COMPOSÉS, COMPOSITIONS PHARMACEUTIQUES LES CONTENANT ET MÉTHODES D'UTILISATION DESDITS COMPOSÉS
  申请人：FASGEN INC

  公开号：WO2004005277A1

  公开（公告）日：2004-01-15

  A pharmaceutical composition comprising a phamaceurtical diluent and a compound of formula IV wherein R21= H, C1-C20 alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl, or alkylaryl, -CH2OR25, -C(O)R25, -CO(O)R25, -C(O)NR25R26, -CH2C(O)R25, or -CH2C(O)NHR25, where R25 and R26 are each independently H, C1-C10 alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl, or alkylaryl, optionally containing one or more halogen atoms. R22 = -OH, -OR27, -OCH2C(O)R27, -OCH2C(O)NHR27, -OC(O)R27, -OC(O)OR27, -OC(O)NHNH-R5, or -OC(O)NR27R28, where R27 and R28 are each independentlyH, C1 -C20 alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl, or alkylaryl, and where R27 and R28 can each optionally contain halogen atoms; R23 and R24, the same or different from each other, are C1-C20 alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl, or alkylaryl. Methods of using such formulations for the treatment of cancer, to effect weight loss, to treat microbially-based infections, to inhibit neuropeptide-Y and/or fatty acid synthase, and to stimulate CPT-1.

  一种包括药用稀释剂和化合物IV的药物组合物，其中R21= H，C1-C20烷基，环烷基，烯基，芳基，芳基烷基或烷基芳基，-CH2OR25，-C(O)R25，-CO(O)R25，-C(O)NR25R26，-CH2C(O)R25或-CH2C(O)NHR25，其中R25和R26各自独立地为H，C1-C10烷基，环烷基，烯基，芳基，芳基烷基或烷基芳基，可选地含有一个或多个卤素原子。R22 = -OH，-OR27，-OCH2C(O)R27，-OCH2C(O)NHR27，-OC(O)R27，-OC(O)OR27，-OC(O)NHNH-R5或-OC(O)NR27R28，其中R27和R28各自独立地为H，C1-C20烷基，环烷基，烯基，芳基，芳基烷基或烷基芳基，且R27和R28各自可选地含有卤素原子；R23和R24，相同或不同，为C1-C20烷基，环烷基，烯基，芳基，芳基烷基或烷基芳基。使用这种配方治疗癌症，减轻体重，治疗微生物感染，抑制神经肽Y和/或脂肪酸合酶，以及刺激CPT-1的方法。
• Efficient synthesis and biological activity of enantiomeric pairs of thiolactomycin and its 3-demethyl derivative
  作者：Kohei Ohata、Shiro Terashima

  DOI：10.1016/j.tet.2009.01.054

  日期：2009.3

  The title total synthesis was achieved by employing deconjugative asymmetric α-sulfenylation of the chiral 3-(α,β,γ,δ-unsaturated acyl)oxazolidin-2-one with a 3,3-dimethoxypropyl methanethiosulfonate as a key step. From the biological activity assay carried out using the title compounds, it appeared evident that in vitro antibacterial and mammalian type I FAS inhibitory activity can be cleanly separated

  通过使用手性3-（α，β，γ，δ-不饱和酰基）恶唑烷-2-酮与3,3-二甲氧基丙基甲硫代磺酸盐的键合不对称α-亚磺酰基化作为关键步骤来实现标题的总合成。从使用标题化合物进行的生物学活性测定中，似乎表明，不仅通过改变C 3位的取代基，而且通过改变C的绝对构型，可以清楚地分离体外的抗菌和哺乳动物I型FAS抑制活性。5位，并且非天然的（S）-（-）-3-脱甲基硫基催乳素及其同源物可以用作选择性的哺乳动物I型FAS抑制剂。
• Thiolactomycin-Based Inhibitors of Bacterial β-Ketoacyl-ACP Synthases with in Vivo Activity
  作者：Gopal R. Bommineni、Kanishk Kapilashrami、Jason E. Cummings、Yang Lu、Susan E. Knudson、Chendi Gu、Stephen G. Walker、Richard A. Slayden、Peter J. Tonge

  DOI：10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00236

  日期：2016.6.9

  bacterial fatty acid biosynthesis (FASII) pathway and are putative targets for antibacterial discovery. Several natural product KAS inhibitors have previously been reported, including thiolactomycin (TLM), which is produced by Nocardia spp. Here we describe the synthesis and characterization of optically pure 5R-thiolactomycin (TLM) analogues that show improved whole cell activity against bacterial strains

  β-酮酰基-ACP合成酶（KAS）是参与II型细菌脂肪酸生物合成（FASII）途径的关键酶，并且是抗菌发现的假定靶标。先前已经报道了几种天然产物KAS抑制剂，包括由Nocardia spp生产的硫代乳霉素（TLM）。在这里，我们描述了光学纯的5 R-硫代催乳素（TLM）类似物的合成和表征，这些类似物显示出对细菌菌株包括耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）和优先病原体例如弗朗西斯菌tularensis和Burkholderia pseudomallei的完整细胞活性。此外，我们确定了具有MRSA和MRSA体内功效的TLM类似物肺炎克雷伯菌感染的动物模型。
• A Flexible Route to (5<i>R</i>)-Thiolactomycin, a Naturally Occurring Inhibitor of Fatty Acid Synthesis
  作者：Jill M. McFadden、Gojeb L. Frehywot、Craig A. Townsend

  DOI：10.1021/ol026685k

  日期：2002.10.1

  [formula: see text] A new and efficient asymmetric synthesis of naturally occurring (5R)-thiolactomycin (1) using D-alanine as the source of chirality is described.

  描述了一种以D-丙氨酸为手性来源的天然高效（5R）-硫代催乳素（1）的新型高效合成方法。
• NOVEL COMPOUNDS, PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING SAME, AND METHODS OF USE FOR SAME
  申请人：Kuhajda Francis P.

  公开号：US20100120901A1

  公开（公告）日：2010-05-13

  A pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutical diluent and a compound of formula IV wherein R 21 =H, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl, or alkylaryl, —CH 2 OR 25 , —C(O)R 25 , —CO(O)R 25 , —C(O)NR 25 R 26 , —CH 2 C(O)R 25 , or —CH 2 C(O)NHR 25 , where R 25 and R 26 are each independently H, C 1 -C 10 alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl, or alkylaryl, optionally containing one or more halogen atoms. R 22 =—OH, —OR 27 , —OCH 2 C(O)R 27 , —OCH 2 C(O)NHR 27 , —OC(O)R 27 , —OC(O)OR 27 , —OC(O)NHNH—R 5 , or —OC(O)NR 27 R 28 , where R 27 and R 28 are each independently H, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl, or alkylaryl, and where R 27 and R 28 can each optionally contain halogen atoms; R 23 and R 24 , the same or different from each other, are C 1 -C 20 alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, aryl, arylalkyl, or alkylaryl. Methods of using such formulations for the treatment of cancer, to effect weight loss, to treat microbially-based infections, to inhibit neuropeptide-Y and/or fatty acid synthase, and to stimulate CPT-1.

  一种药物组合物，包括药物稀释剂和式 IV 化合物，其中 R21 = H、C1-C20 烷基、环烷基、烯基、芳基、芳基烷基或烷基芳基、-CH2OR25、-C（O）R25、-CO（O）R25、-C（O）NR25R26、-CH2C（O）R25或-CH2C（O）NHR25，其中 R25 和 R26 分别独立地是 H、C1-C10 烷基、环烷基、烯基、芳基、芳基烷基或烷基芳基，可选含有一个或多个卤素原子。R22 = -OH、-OR27、-OCH2C（O）R27、-OCH2C（O）NHR27、-OC（O）R27、-OC（O）OR27、-OC（O）NHNH-R5 或-OC（O）NR27R28，其中 R27 和 R28 各自独立地是 H、C1-C20 烷基、环烷基、烯基、芳基、芳基烷基或烷基芳基，且 R27 和 R28 每个都可以选择性地含有卤素原子；R23 和 R24，相同或不同，是 C1-C20 烷基、环烷基、烯基、芳基、芳基烷基或烷基芳基。使用这种组合物的方法包括治疗癌症，减轻体重，治疗微生物感染，抑制神经肽 Y 和/或脂肪酸合酶，以及刺激 CPT-1。