Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Evaluation of Second-Generation Tetrahydroisoquinoline-Based CXCR4 Antagonists with Favorable ADME Properties
作者:Huy H. Nguyen、Michelle B. Kim、Robert J. Wilson、Christopher J. Butch、Katie M. Kuo、Eric J. Miller、Yesim A. Tahirovic、Edgars Jecs、Valarie M. Truax、Tao Wang、Chi S. Sum、Mary E. Cvijic、Gretchen M. Schroeder、Lawrence J. Wilson、Dennis C. Liotta
DOI:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00450
日期:2018.8.23
CXCR4 is a G-protein-coupled receptor that interacts with its cognate ligand, CXCL12, to synchronize many physiological responses and pathological processes. Disruption of the CXCL12-CXCR4 circuitry by small-molecule antagonists has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer intervention. We previously disclosed a hit-to-lead effort that led to the discovery of a series of tetrahydroisoquinoline-based CXCR4 antagonists exemplified by the lead compound TIQ15. Herein, we describe our medicinal-chemistry efforts toward the redesign of TIQ15 as a result of high mouse-microsomal clearance, potent CYP2D6 inhibition, and poor membrane permeability. Guided by the in vitro ADME data of TIQ15, structural modifications were executed to provide compound 12a, which demonstrated a reduced potential for first-pass metabolism while maintaining CXCR4 potency. Subsequent SAR studies and multiparameter optimization of 12a resulted in the identification of compound 25o, a highly potent, selective, and metabolically stable CXCR4 antagonist possessing good intestinal permeability and low risk of CYP-mediated drug-drug interactions.