(S)-2-[(R)-hydroxy(2-nitrophenyl)methyl]cyclopentan-1-one

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 苯和取代衍生物
• 英文名称: (S)-2-[(R)-hydroxy(2-nitrophenyl)methyl]cyclopentan-1-one
• 英文别名: 2-(hydroxy(2-nitrophenyl)methyl)cyclopentanone；(S)-2-((R)-hydroxy(2-nitrophenyl)methyl)cyclopentanone；2-(hydroxy(o-nitrophenyl)methyl)cyclopentan-1-one；(2S)-2-[(R)-hydroxy-(2-nitrophenyl)methyl]cyclopentan-1-one
• 化学式: C₁₂H₁₃NO₄
• 分子量: 235.24
• InChiKey: JOELUJCLBZDDSS-SKDRFNHKSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.7
• 重原子数：
  17
• 可旋转键数：
  2
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.42
• 拓扑面积：
  83.1
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  4

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  环戊酮 、 邻硝基苯甲醛 在 (2S,4R)-4-(2,2-diphenylacetoxy)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid 作用下， 以 水 为溶剂， 反应 24.0h， 以99%的产率得到(S)-2-[(R)-hydroxy(2-nitrophenyl)methyl]cyclopentan-1-one
  参考文献：
  名称：

  高活性和立体选择性的简单廉价脯氨酸基有机催化剂的进展

  摘要：

  通过使用不同量的水，筛选出 10 种 4-酰氧基-L-脯氨酸作为催化剂，负载量为 2-0.1 mol-%，用于在水中的直接不对称羟醛反应。其中，新型催化剂L-脯氨酸带有反式4-(2,2-二苯基乙酰氧基)基团，以及我们之前合成的催化剂L-脯氨酸带有反式4-(4-苯基丁酰氧基)基团, 被发现是环己酮或环戊酮与取代苯甲醛之间羟醛反应的优良催化剂，当分别以 1 和 0.5 mol-% 在室温下使用时，没有添加剂。对于此类催化剂，获得了高转化率，这是烯胺有机催化获得的最高值之​​一。最后，这些催化剂可以通过廉价分子的直接 O-酰化合成，并成功用于放大反应。

  DOI：

  10.1002/ejoc.201000913

文献信息

• Highly efficient organocatalysts for the asymmetric aldol reaction
  作者：C. G. Jacoby、P. H. V. Vontobel、M. F. Bach、P. H. Schneider

  DOI：10.1039/c7nj04424k

  日期：——

  synthetic route. The highly efficient five step methodology did not require intermediary purification and provided the compounds in high yields. The catalysts were successfully applied in the asymmetric direct aldol reaction between aromatic aldehydes and cyclic ketones in aqueous media. Aldol adducts were obtained in high yields with perfect stereoselectivities (up to >99% e.e. and >19 : 1 d.r.).

  通过容易获得的合成途径制备了同时包含噻唑烷/吡咯烷和咪唑循环的新型双功能有机催化剂。高效的五步法无需中间纯化，即可提供高收率的化合物。该催化剂已成功地用于水性介质中芳族醛与环酮之间的不对称直接羟醛反应中。高产率地获得了醛醇加合物，具有完美的立体选择性（高达> 99％ee和> 19：1 dr）。
• Synthesis and Characterization of Monosaccharide Derivatives and Application of Sugar-Based Prolinamides in Asymmetric Synthesis
  作者：Jyoti Agarwal、Rama Krishna Peddinti

  DOI：10.1002/ejoc.201200522

  日期：2012.11

  were converted into the corresponding prolinamide organocatalysts (i.e., 1a, 2a, 3a, and 3b) in high yields. The catalytic activity of these sugar-based prolinamide organocatalysts was demonstrated in asymmetric aldol reactions in various solvents and at different temperatures. The oraganocatalyst 3a was shown to be an efficient and powerful organocatalyst for the enantioselective aldol reaction of various

  首次合成、分离和使用N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖衍生物甲基2-乙酰氨基-3,4,6-三-O-苄基-2-脱氧-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(9b)的β-异头体用于合成糖基伯胺4b。糖基伯胺 5a、一对单糖衍生物 6a 和 6b 以及所有这些化合物的前体也被合成、分离并通过标准光谱方法进行了充分研究，包括 1H-1H COZY 和 HSQC 等 2D NMR 光谱实验. 然后将糖基伯胺 4a、5a、6a 和 6b 以高产率转化为相应的脯氨酰胺有机催化剂（即 1a、2a、3a 和 3b）。这些糖基脯氨酰胺有机催化剂的催化活性在各种溶剂和不同温度下的不对称羟醛反应中得到证明。
• 2,4-Dinitrophenol as an Effective Cocatalyst: Greatly Improving the Activities and Enantioselectivities of Primary Amine Organocatalysts for Asymmetric Aldol Reactions
  作者：Chao-Shan Da、Li-Ping Che、Qi-Peng Guo、Feng-Chun Wu、Xiao Ma、Ya-Ning Jia

  DOI：10.1021/jo802758b

  日期：2009.3.20

  Seven primary amine organocatalysts 1a−g were readily prepared from natural primary amino acids via two steps and then were used to catalyze the direct asymmetric aldol reaction, but they showed very poor enantioselectivities and activities. As an effective cocatalyst, 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) dramatically elevated the activities and enantioselectivities of these very inefficient primary amine organocatalysts

  可以通过两步从天然伯氨基酸容易地制备出7种伯胺有机催化剂1a - g，然后将其用于催化直接不对称羟醛反应，但它们的对映选择性和活性非常差。作为一种有效的助催化剂，2,4-二硝基苯酚（DNP）大大提高了这些非常低效的伯胺有机催化剂的活性和对映选择性。与从头开发催化剂相比，通过选择和使用最佳助催化剂对非常低效的有机催化剂进行这种补救的过程特别具有成本效益且对环境有利。由1f组成的最高效的有机催化系统DNP表现出高的对映选择性和良好的非对映选择性，具有广谱的七种酮。线性酮和环戊酮主要合成产物，而环己酮主要产生反产物。
• Organocatalysis with cysteine derivatives: recoverable and cheap chiral catalyst for direct aldol reactions
  作者：Shi Li、Xiangkai Fu、Chuanlong Wu

  DOI：10.1007/s11164-011-0336-5

  日期：2012.1

  Highly enantioselective, recoverable and cheap cysteine derivatives have been developed with improved solubility properties in common, nonpolar organic solvents. The reactions were catalyzed using 5 mol% 1e, and the aldol products could be obtained with up to 99:1 syn/anti ratio and >99% ee. The catalyst could be easily recovered and reused, with only a slight decrease of enantioselectivity observed for five cycles. Catalyst 1e can be efficiently used in large-scale reactions with enantioselectivity being maintained at the same level, which offers great possibility for application in industry. (i) Direct aldol reactions proceeded in 1,2-dichloroethane using simple procedures. (ii) Direct S-acylation of cysteine to give organocatalysts 1a–f can be economically carried out easily in a single step from commercially available sources, with both enantiomers being readily available. (iii) 5 mol% catalyst 1e was sufficient to furnish the aldol products in excellent yields (up to 93%) and enantioselectivities (up to 99%). (iv) Catalyst 1e could be easily recovered and reused, and also can be efficiently used in large-scale reactions with enantioselectivity being maintained at the same level, which offers great possibility for applications in industry.

  开发了一种高度对映选择性、可回收且廉价的半胱氨酸衍生物，其在常见的非极性有机溶剂中具有改善的溶解性特性。反应使用5 mol%催化剂1e进行催化，醛醇产物的syn/anti比率可高达99:1，对映体过量（ee）超过99%。催化剂可以轻松回收并重复使用，经过五个循环后仅观察到轻微的对映选择性降低。催化剂1e可以在大规模反应中有效使用，并维持相同水平的对映选择性，这为其在工业中的应用提供了很大可能性。(i) 直接醛醇反应在1,2-二氯乙烷中通过简单的程序进行。(ii) 半胱氨酸的直接S-酰化以获得有机催化剂1a-f，可以轻松地从商业来源通过一步经济地进行，两种对映体均易于获得。(iii) 5 mol%催化剂1e足以以优异的产率（高达93%）和对映选择性（高达99%）提供醛醇产物。(iv) 催化剂1e可以轻松回收和重复使用，并且可以在大规模反应中有效使用，保持相同水平的对映选择性，这为其在工业中的应用提供了极大的可能性。
• Direct asymmetric aldol reactions between aldehydes and ketones catalyzed by l-tryptophan in the presence of water
  作者：Zhaoqin Jiang、Hui Yang、Xiao Han、Jie Luo、Ming Wah Wong、Yixin Lu

  DOI：10.1039/b921460g

  日期：——

  Primary amino acids and their derivatives were investigated as catalysts for the direct asymmetric aldol reactions between ketones and aldehydes in the presence of water, and L-tryptophan was shown to be the best catalyst. Solvent effects, substrate scope and the influence of water on the reactions were investigated. Quantum chemical calculations were performed to understand the origin of the observed

  研究了伯氨基酸及其衍生物作为在水存在下酮与醛之间直接不对称醛醇缩合反应的催化剂，L-色氨酸是最好的催化剂。研究了溶剂效应，底物范围和水对反应的影响。进行量子化学计算以了解观察到的立体选择性的起源。