Lewis Base Activation of Grignard Reagents with <i>N</i>-Heterocyclic Carbenes. Cu-Free Catalytic Enantioselective Additions to γ-Chloro-α,β-Unsaturated Esters
作者:Yunmi Lee、Amir H. Hoveyda
DOI:10.1021/ja067456m
日期:2006.12.1
activation of alkylmagnesium halides with a chiral bidentate N-hetrocyclic carbene (NHC), formed in situ from the imidazolinium chloride precursor, is reported. The Cu-free catalytic asymmetric allylic alkylation (AAA) of alpha-alkyl-gamma-chloro-alpha,beta-unsaturated esters with alkyl-based Grignard reagents is promoted in the presence of 5-10 mol % of the chiral imidazolinium salt to afford synthetically
据报道,使用由咪唑啉氯化物前体原位形成的手性双齿 N-杂环卡宾 (NHC) 直接活化烷基镁卤化物。在 5-10 mol% 的手性咪唑啉盐存在下,α-烷基-γ-氯-α,β-不饱和酯与烷基格氏试剂的无铜催化不对称烯丙基烷基化(AAA)得到促进合成通用的β,γ-不饱和酯。产品具有以 3.5-13.3:1 区域选择性、63-98% ee 和高达 80% 的 SN2' 产品分离产率生成的全碳四元甾体中心。原位生成的手性 NHC 提高了对映选择性,同时改变了格氏试剂的反应性:在没有手性卡宾的情况下,只有大约 30% 的转化率和 <2% 的烯丙基烷基化。