非对映选择性自由基偶联是通过手性助剂实现的。这些自由基是通过五种丙二酸衍生物的阳极脱羧反应生成的。它们是由丙二酸苄酯和四种薄荷醇助剂制备的。在未分开的电池中,在铂电极上与甲醇中的3,3-二甲基丁酸进行共电解,可得到杂耦合产物,产率为22-69%,非对映选择性为5至65%de。没有助酸的电解质以21-50%的产率产生非对映异构体均偶联产物,非对映异构体的比率为1.17:2.00:0.81至7.03:2.00。X射线结构分析和13 C NMR数据证实了新的立体异构中心的立体化学。
Organolithium addition to styrene and styrene derivatives: scope and limitations
作者:Xudong Wei、Paul Johnson、Richard J. K. Taylor
DOI:10.1039/a910195k
日期:——
Styrene and a range of aryl-substituted styrenederivatives are shown to undergo efficient carbolithiation–trapping reactions in diethyl ether at −78 to −25 °C. The reactivities of different types of organolithium reagents were found to be: tertiary, secondary > primary; ≫ alkenyl, methyl, phenyl. Electron donating groups (e.g. methoxy and dialkylamino) at the ortho- or para- positions of the benzene
Organolithium additions to styrene are synthetically viable
作者:Xudong Wei、Richard J. K. Taylor
DOI:10.1039/cc9960000187
日期:——
In diethyl ether at –78 to –25 °C, styrene undergoes efficient addition reactions with a range of alkyllithium reagents, and the intermediate benzyllithiums can be trapped (e.g. with carbon dioxide and chlorotrimethylsilane); two aryl-substituted styrenes are shown to react in a similar manner.
HYDROXYLATED AND METHOXYLATED PYRIMIDYL CYCLOPENTANES AS AKT PROTEIN KINASE INHIBITORS
申请人:Mitchell S. Ian
公开号:US20080051399A1
公开(公告)日:2008-02-28
The present invention provides compounds, including resolved enantiomers, resolved diastereomers, solvates and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, comprising the Formula I:
Also provided are methods of using the compounds of this invention as AKT protein kinase inhibitors and for the treatment of hyperproliferative diseases such as cancer.
A pattern-forming method includes forming a base pattern including a first polymer on a front face side. A composition is applied on at least a lateral face of the base pattern. The composition includes at least one polymer that is capable of interacting with the first polymer. The composition is heated such that a portion of the at least one polymer interacts with the first polymer and that a coating film is formed on the lateral face of the base pattern. Another portion of the at least one polymer not having interacted with the first polymer is removed to form a resist pattern. The base pattern in a planar view has a shape with a long axis and a short axis, and a ratio of lengths of the long axis to the short axis is no less than 1.5 and no greater than 10.
A pattern-forming method includes: forming a pattern on an upper face side of a substrate; applying a first composition to a sidewall of the pattern; forming a resin layer by applying a second composition to an inner face side of the sidewall of the pattern coated with the first composition; allowing the resin layer to separate into a plurality of phases; and removing at least one of the plurality of phases. The first composition contains a first polymer. The second composition contains a second polymer. The second polymer includes a first block having a first structural unit and a second block having a second structural unit. The polarity of the second structural unit is higher than the polarity of the first structural unit. Immediately before forming of the resin layer, a static contact angle θ (°) of water on the sidewall of the pattern satisfies inequality (1).
α
≥
θ
≥
α
+
β
2
(
1
)