代谢
高效液相色谱(HPLC)和高效液相色谱-质谱(HPLC-MS)分析用于识别大鼠经[14C] IR5878处理后体内的母体药物和总共10种代谢物。每种放射性标记化合物处理后,识别出6到7种代谢物,其中3种代谢物是两种放射性标记化合物共同产生的。在所有动物的排泄物中,母体药物和已识别的代谢物占剂量的71-86%,整体回收率为95-99%。未识别的化合物占剂量的1-16%,但没有单一化合物的占比超过或等于5%。在5毫克/千克(单次和多次剂量)的动物中,母体药物在尿液和粪便中的占比为1-6%,在1000毫克/千克的动物中占比为33-56%。主要代谢物是1-(4-甲氧基-6-羟基嘧啶-2-基)-3-[2-(二甲基氨基甲酰)苯磺酰胺基]脲(O-去甲基IR5878),在所有以5毫克/千克/天剂量的动物中占比为53-64%,在所有以1000毫克/千克剂量的动物中占比为14-20%,在尿液和粪便中含量相似。2-磺酰胺基-N,N-二甲基苯甲酰胺(DBS酸)是所有经[14C-U-苯基] IR5878处理的动物的主要代谢物,主要在粪便中以8-12%的剂量出现。在所有经[14C-5-嘧啶基] IR5878处理的动物中,分离出一个含有(4,6-二甲氧基-5-O-葡萄糖苷基嘧啶-2-基)脲(Pyr-O-Glucur DOP脲)和1-(4,6-二甲氧基-5-O-葡萄糖苷基嘧啶-2-基)-3-[2-(二甲基氨基甲酰)苯磺酰胺基]脲(Pyr-O-Glucur IR5878)的组分,这个组分占总剂量的9-18%。此外,1-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-基)-3-[2-(甲基氨基甲酰)苯磺酰胺基]脲(N-去甲基IR5878)在经1000毫克/千克[14C-5-嘧啶基] IR5878处理的动物的尿液中占比为5-8%。所有其他已识别的代谢物每种占比均小于5%。IR5878代谢物的识别表明,代谢主要通过O-和/或N-去甲基化进行。此外,磺酰胺脲键的水解断裂产生DOP脲,嘧啶环的羟基化随后发生,并与葡萄糖醛酸或硫酸结合。还评估了肝脏、肾脏和胆汁的代谢物轮廓。在所有经[14C-U-苯基] IR5878处理的动物的肝脏和肾脏中,母体药物和O-去甲基IR5878的浓度最高。在所有经[14C-5-嘧啶基] IR5878处理的动物的肝脏和肾脏中,O-去甲基IR5878和一个未识别的组分通常浓度最高,此外,在雄性肾脏中还发现了2-氨基-N,N-二甲基苯甲酰胺(DB胺)。在胆汁中,O-去甲基IR5878和一个未识别的组分浓度最高。其他已识别的化合物(与排泄物中发现的相同)在肝脏、肾脏或胆汁中未检测到,或通常以相对较低浓度出现。
...HPLC and HPLC-MS analyses were used to identify parent and a total of 10 metabolites in excreta from rats treated with [14C] IR5878. Six to 7 metabolites were identified after treatment with each radiolabeled compound, and 3 of these metabolites were common to treatment with both radiolabeled compounds. Parent and identified metabolites in excreta accounted for 71-86% of the dose in all animals, and overall recovery was 95-99% of the dose. Unidentified compounds accounted for 1-16% of the dose, but no single compound accounted for > or = 5% of the dose. The parent was found in the 5 mg/kg animals (single and multiple doses) at 1-6% dose and in the 1000 mg/kg animals at 33-56% dose in urine and feces. The predominant metabolite was 1-(4- methoxy-6-hydroxypyrimidin-2-yl)-3-[2-(dimethylcarbamoyl)phenylsulfamoyl]urea (O-desm IR5878). It was found at 53-64% dose in all animals treated at 5 mg/kg/day and at 14-20% dose in all animals treated at 1000 mg/kg; it was found in similar quantities in the urine and feces. 2-sulfoamino-N,N-dimethylbenzamide (DBS acid) was a primary metabolite in all animals treated with [14C-U-phenyl] IR5878 and was found primarily in the feces at 8-12% dose. In all animals treated with [14C-5-pyrimidinyl] IR5878, a fraction was isolated (primarily in feces) that contained (4,6-dimethoxy-5-O-glucuronidyl pyrimidin-2-yl)urea (Pyr-O-Glucur DOP urea) and 1- (4,6-dimethoxy-5-O-glucuronidyl pyrimidin-2-yl)-3-[2- (dimethylcarbamoyl)phenylsulfamoyl]urea (Pyr-O-Glucur IR5878). This fraction represented 9-18% dose. Additionally, 1-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-3-[2-(methylcarbamoyl)phenylsulfamoyl] urea (N-desm IR5878) was found at 5-8% dose in the urine of animals treated with 1000 mg/kg [14C-5-pyrimidinyl] IR5878. All other identified metabolites each accounted for <5% dose. Identification of IR5878 metabolites indicates that metabolism mainly occurs through O- and/or N-demethylations. Additionally, hydrolytic cleavage of the sulfamoylurea linkage yields DOP urea, and hydroxylation of the pyrimidinyl ring occurs followed by glucuronic acid or sulfate conjugation. The metabolic profile of the liver, kidney, and bile was also evaluated. In the liver and kidneys of all animals treated with [14C-U-phenyl] IR5878, the parent and O-desm IR5878 were found in the highest concentrations. In the liver and kidneys of all animals treated with [14C-5- pyrimidinyl] IR5878, O-desm IR5878 and an unidentified fraction were generally found in the highest concentrations, as well as 2-amino-N,N-dimethylbenzamide (DB amine) in the male kidney. In the bile, O-desm IR5878 and an unidentified fraction were found in the highest concentration. Other identified compounds (same as found in the excreta) were not detected in the liver, kidney, or bile or were generally found at relatively low concentrations.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)